CCMAS Course Search

Principles and practice of community Audiology: Definition – Community Audiology. Historical background of community Audiology. Types of community audiology, tools for community audiology, personnel for community audiology, follow-up strategies on community audiology. Challenges of community audiology.

Community diagnosis, community entry and advocacy. Community sensitisation and mobilisation. Community recognisance and community mapping and identification of community resources. House numbering, design and use of survey instruments for community diagnosis. Data collection methods and tools, data analysis, interpretation and write-up, plan for intervention, health programmes. Discussion with community, stakeholders for health programme intervention and prioritisation. Recommendation for plan of action and follow-up, dissemination of results. Research methods. Definition and types, identification of health 85 research topic for execution through prioritisation of identified health problems. Writing a research proposal, conducting a literature review on the research topic, aim and objective of the research, research methods. Research instruments, ethical considerations, limitation to research being undertaken, data collection, management, analysis and presentation. Results and discussion, conclusions and recommendations, literature citation, appendices.

The Community Health Practicum gives the students the opportunity to participate in on-going intervention programs and activities at the Local Government, the community and health facility levels. The students are to produce reports on health systems research based on their experiences at different levels of activities. At the end of the community practicum, students are expected to present his results/findings in the form of a seminar to the department which shall be graded. Note* This consists of lectures and guided visits to various public health programmes including the following: Environmental health services including visits to water treatment works, sewage treatment plants, market and other food processing factories and abattoirs, refuse disposal systems and many other. Community Welfare Services lectures and visits to remand home. Homes for motherless and handicapped children, prisons, schools for the deaf and many others. Public Health Department: Lectures and visits to familiarize with the activities of the department. Maternal and Child Health Services; lectures and visits. Public Health Laboratories; lectures and demonstration on their activities including testing of water and many others. Control of Communicable diseases, lectures and visits to the tuberculosis clinic and the infectious diseases clinics. Occupational Health Services; lectures and visits to selected industries.

The students at this stage utilise a structured household questionnaire to collect information on health of families in the community. The structured questionnaires are patterned after those of the primary health care system. The information collected by each of the student groups are recorded, analysed and submitted as a report of the fieldwork activities. The practice gives the students an opportunity to translate theoretical concepts and principles in public health into practical experiences needed for program formulation, planning and implementation. At the end of the community practicum, students are expected to present results/findings in the form of a seminar to the department which shall be graded.

Urban community health posting in selected primary, secondary health facilities and private owned health institutions. Community health research project on approved topics, supervised by faculty staff and assessed by a group of faculty teachers. Public health laboratory service, organisation and functions in primary healthcare services. Endemic diseases clinic.

Concept of community nutrition. Planning, organisation and evaluation of Community Nutrition programmes (concept of community participation, social mobilisation, participatory monitoring and evaluation). Assessment of ecological factors affecting community nutrition. Methods of Assessment of nutritional status of individuals and groups in a community. Use of growth and development chart. Economic aspects of nutrition. Food budgets. Food habits. Surveys in rural and urban communities. Applied nutrition programmes and interventions (Nutrition specific and sensitive interventions). School feeding programmes. Nutrition rehabilitation centres. Nutrition and National harmony. Nutrition information and surveillance system. Field visits to communities for nutrition assessment and interventions.

Definition of blindness and visual impairment (WHO). Concept of global initiatives vision 2020. Causes of avoidable and irreversible blindness in adult and children.

Health education, environmental health, occupational health, public health administration/health care. Epidemiology of communicable and non-communicable diseases. Social medicine. National and international regulations relating to health. Student exposure and participation in practical applications of all procedures on real patients in the community (at both rural and urban health centres, geriatric homes and many others), with appropriate case analysis and clarifications with supervising clinicians. Clinician-patient communication is assessed. Each student is evaluated on the subjective, objective, plan and management aspects of community patient care, such as referral. The community Optometry outreach course follows the Community Based Experience and Service (COBES) approach. Emphasis is on rural communities to deliver eye care services and carry out survey of endemic eye and vision problems under WHO (The Right to Sight) Programme. Participation in vision screening programmes for schools, industries. and institutions for the less privileged.

Principles of health education – contact, screening, health talks. Community clinic – establishing physiotherapy clinics in villages and towns (mosques, churches, markets, schools and many others), Itinerant and domiciliary services. Organisation of domiciliary physiotherapy services in developed countries. Philosophy of Community based Rehabilitation (CBR). Philosophy of Primary Health Care (PHC). Primary Health Care physiotherapy services in Nigeria.

Historical antecedents of community/public health nursing practice. Role of community/public health nurses in the diverse community settings. The context of family as the unit of care in the community. Concept of the family. Types and characteristics of families. Family developmental tasks. Family nursing theories. Tools in family health assessment and family care. Demography and population dynamics. Community assessment. Community mobilization, participation and involvement. Levels of prevention. Nursing process as applied to community practice. Skills used in community practice. Levels of health prevention. Socio-demographic variables and population dynamics as predictors of patterns of life in the community. Patterns of diseases in the community. Application of development programmes and services at community levels.