CCMAS Course Search

Each student will be assigned topics in different areas of /issues in Pharmacology to review and present same at seminars. Students are expected to attend all Departmental Seminars.

This course provides an introduction to sensors and actuators in mechatronics systems. The topics include sensing principles for measuring motion, force, torque, pressure, flow, and temperature using analogue and digital transducers; actuating principles for continuous drive actuators and stepper motors; power transmission systems; and methods for signal collection, conditioning and analysis. Various components will be experimentally tested and analysed. Others are basics of Energy Transformation: Transducers, Sensors and Actuators. Understanding of Sensor Interfacing with Microprocessor to build electronic system Week Static and Dynamic Characteristic Parameters for Sensors and Actuators, Calibration of Sensor-based electronics systems. Sensor performance criteria and selection, including: (a) Thermocouples (b) Resistive sensors (c) Inductive sensors (d) Capacitive sensors (e) Piezoelectric sensors (f) Encoders and tachometers. Actuator performance criteria and selection, including: (a) Fluidic actuators (b) Solenoids and voice coil motors (c) Stepper motors (d) DC motors (e) Piezoelectric actuators (f) Shape memory alloy actuators (g) MEMS sensors and actuators. Merits of Fluid power & its utility for increasing productivity through Low-Cost Automation, Transmission of Fluid Power through various types of Cylinders), Symbolic representation of Pneumatic elements (CETOP), Compressors and Air supply system including airline installations, Signalling & control system. Introduction to Industrial Hydraulics, Hydraulics Power System elements and standard symbolic Representation (CETOP symbols). Pneumatic & hydraulic control elements (control valves & hydraulic pumps, accessories), Basic circuits for controlling single & double-acting cylinder, Basic circuits, Advantages of Hydro- Pneumatics and its applications, Hydraulics system and their Classification. Hydraulics circuits Hydraulic Motors, Hydraulic Fluids and effective contamination control. Advanced pneumatic circuits for controlling multi-cylinders (operable & inoperable circuits), Electro pneumatics with relay logic, Pneumatics system with PID controls, Application of fluidics a non-moving part logic.

Definition. Sense organs and their physiological and psychological foundations of sensory evaluation. Sensory evaluation laboratory (design – reception and briefing room, kitchen and food preparation area, testing area, utensils and other pieces of equipment, lightening and temperature control, testing setup, testing schedule). Selection and handling of panel members (selection and training of panel, instructing the panel, etc.). Handling of samples (information on sample, quantity of sample, number of samples, coding, order of presentation, sample dilution, rinsing, etc.). Categories of sensory evaluation methods (single expert or master taster, round table method of testing, panel of judges, single stimulus). Methods of Sensory Evaluation – Discrimination or difference tests (paired comparison, Duo-trio, triangular, multiple comparison tests, etc.); Descriptive tests (ranking, scoring, profile testing, ratio scaling, etc.); Acceptance/preference tests (use of Hedonic scale and other scales). Design of experiments and choosing methods of analyzing sensory evaluation data. Factors influencing sensory measurements. The role of sensory evaluation in product quality assurance. Application of sensory evaluation to routine maintenance, shelf-life determination and reference standard for product quality. In-plant sensory evaluation procedures. Computerized sensory evaluation procedure.

Theories, principles/mechanisms of operation, calculations with necessary examples and design features of machineries which underpin the following separation processes: Preliminary and preparative operations including: Cleaning. Sorting. Grading. Peeling. De- skinning. Cutting. Mechanical/physical separations: sedimentation. Centrifugation. Filtration. Membrane separations (ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis). Screening, Mechanical expression. Contact Equilibrium Processes: Determination of ideal stages. Gas absorption. Distillation. Stripping, Extraction/leaching.

Stage-wise and continuous contact equipment. Isothermal gas absorption. Binary distillation, flash distillation; distillation systems - types of condensers and reboilers, plate versus packed columns, reflux ratio, Distillation of binary mixture - McCabe Thiele method: rectifying and stripping section, feed plate; Ponchon-Savarit method.

Introduction to the language and concepts of modern Mathematics. Topics include; Basic set theory: mappings, relations, equivalence and other relations, Cartesian products. Binary logic, methods of proof. Binary operations. Algebraic structures, semi-groups, rings, integral domains, fields. Homeomorphics. Number systems; properties of integers, rationals, real and complex numbers.

Waste water Systems. Population studies. Waste water flow rates. Runoff. Groundwater Infiltration. Materials for sewers. Hydraulics of sewers. Design of Sewers/drains Combined sewers and Storm water sewers, appurtenances and special structures. Pumps and pumping stations. Design of wastewater treatment plant, Primary treatment processes: – screening, grit removal, flow measurement (weirs and flumes). Design facilities for primary treatment – radial and rectangular sedimentation tanks, Design facilities for secondary/ biological treatment of wastewater, Activated sludge process, Trickling Filters, Stabilisation and Oxidation ponds, Anaerobic lagoons. Treatment and disposal of sludge. Sources of sludge, Quantities and characteristics. Sludge dewatering methods. Uses of sludge. Sources of water supply, and their exploitation: Advanced waste water treatment methods. Types and sources of waste water. Characteristics and flow rates impacts of waste water treatment, objectives and disposal. regulation, principles of applied microbiology, wastewater treatment (introduction, primary (screens and comminutors, grit removal, flow equalisation, sedimentation and flotation), secondary (Tricking filters, rotating biological discs: activated sludge, oxidation pond) physic- chemical treatment, advanced treatment,(Ultra filtration, reverse osmosis, activated carbon filter, UV sterilisation, and many others) treatment of sludge, disinfection), land disposal , sewer corrosion, design of waste water treatment units. Business opportunities in sewage management.

Prediction of environmental loads on fixed and floating offshore platforms. Shallow- and deep- water wave theories. Dynamic responses analysis and experimental techniques. Dynamic modelling of offshore floating structures in waves. Fluid loading on slender offshore structures. Froude Krylov forces. Simplified diffraction forces. Introduction to the Morison equation – fluid phenomenon and force coefficients, variations on the basic formula and fluid loading calculations. Statistical description of random seas. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional wave spectra. Statistical description of response to environmental loading. Downtime analysis. Fluid load on slender bodies such as structural elements of fixed platforms and pipelines. Modelling of ships and offshore structures in incompressible viscid/inviscid flow. Fluid flow phenomena such as flow separation, vortex shedding, vortex induced vibration (VIV), etc. The concepts of added mass and wave diffraction by large volume structures- McCamy and Fuchs solution.

Basic concepts in ship design: Rules based on design principles, class societies rules and regulations, and ship design spiral. Classification of ships, their characteristics and functions. Modelling and analysis of ships, machinery, strength and performance. Determination of intact and damaged stability; statical and dynamical stability; and floodable length. Ship geometry and hydrostatic curves. Ship structures: Structural arrangement of ships. Fundamentals of hull vibration. Calculation of displacement; form coefficients; principal dimensions; deadweight and light-ship. Power vs speed calculation. Loadlines and freeboard parameters. Fundamentals of ship construction. Structural arrangements, framing systems, functions of ship, double bottom, single bottom, shell plating, etc. Decks, bulkheads, pillars, girders, hatch coamings, machinery mounting; superstructures deck houses, foundation laws and stern structures, bossings and struts, bilge keels and fenders. Ship sections and materials selection: materials joining processes. Testing of welds. Bottom and side framing. Deep tank and corrugated bulk heads. Fore-end and after-end-arrangements. Stem construction. Forepeak- collision bulk heads. Bulbous bows.

Types of ship power plants and factors affecting the choice of power plant type. Ship main engines: Types and configurations, combined propulsion systems such as CODAG, CODOG, COGAS etc., and electric drives. General machinery layout. Heat balance analysis, overall efficiency determination and comparison across different power plant types. Design of power plant systems: Fuel oil systems, sea water cooling systems, lubricating oil systems, compressed air systems, steam systems, exhaust gas system, fresh water systems, automatic control and alarm systems. Propulsion shaft line arrangement, gear boxes, bearings and seals. Marine steam boilers: classifications, components, materials selection, principles of operation, instrumentation and automatic control. Boiler survey, corrosion mitigation and maintenance. Waste heat recovery systems. General purposes systems: bilge, ballast, water; firefighting. Rules and Regulations guiding design of ship power plants such as Lloyds register, American bureau of shipping, etc., and environmental protection requirements. Powerplants for special ship: fishing vessels, tugs/pushers tankers and passenger ships.