CCMAS Course Search

The course deals with the study of the nature, properties and phenomena of light in optical media. Principles of geometrical optics including reflections and refractions. Formation of images. The influence of mirrors and lenses. Spherical and cylindrical lenses; mirrors; thin and thick lenses. Lens systems; Ray tracing. Apertures; Prisms. Aberrations. Lens formulae, symbols, design and optical instruments. Neutrallsation; Transposition and specification of ophthalmic lenses. Laboratory work is included.

Define the geriatric patient. Psychological, physiological, social and ocular problems of the elderly. Techniques for refraction, binocularity and ocular health assessment of the elderly with emphasis on involutional and pathological changes. Special ocular-visual problems of concern to the elderly patient. Presbyopia, cataracts, aphakia, visual field losses, low contrast sensitivity and colour vision. Handling, counselling the elderly patient. Problems of therapy, management and compliance. Special problems of the hospitalised and bedridden elderly patients. Clinical work is included.

History of Optometry: Development of Optometry as a profession. The ancient times and personalities (such as the code of Hammurabi); The middle age centuries; the renaissance period; the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The golden age of optics till present period, including history of Optometry in Nigeria. Roles of the Nigerian Optometric Association; Optometrists and Dispensing Opticians Registration Board of Nigeria; World Council of Optometry. First institution to start Optometry education in Nigeria. The first Nigerian institution to commence the Doctor of Optometry programme. An introduction to Optometric terms. 300 Level

This involves exposure of patients in different units within health care setting external to the University: Hospitals, Health Centres and ambulatory care services. Inter-disciplinary practice.

Introduction and history of physiology. Structure and functions of cell membranes. Transport process. Special transport mechanism in amphibian bladder, kidney, gall bladder, intestine, astrocytes and exocrine glands. Biophysical principles. Homeostasis and control systems including temperature regulation. Biological rhythms. Composition and functions of blood. Haemopoiesis. WBC and differential count. Plasma proteins Coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet functions. Blood groups –ABO system – Rh system. Blood transfusion – indication for collection and storage of blood, hazards of blood transfusions. Reticulo- endothelial system. Imunity and immodeficiency disease and HIV.

Principles of low vision; magnification, telescopic systems. microscopic systems and magnifiers. The definition and aetiology of low vision. Prognosis and management; illumination control, optical and non-optical aids. Ocular prostheses. Aniseikonia.

Review of human anatomy. Pupillary and accommodative anomalies in neurological diseases. Headaches, migraines, and other photopsic episodes. Optic nerve disorders, supra-nuclear, nuclear and intra-nuclear. Oculomotor presentations, nystagmus, practical approach to some common non- ocular neurological complaints.

Nigerian history, culture and art up to 1800 (Yoruba, Hausa and Igbo peoples and culture; peoples and culture of the ethnic minority groups). Nigeria under colonial rule (advent of colonial rule in Nigeria; Colonial administration of Nigeria). Evolution of Nigeria as a political unit (amalgamation of Nigeria in 1914; formation of political parties in Nigeria; Nationalist movement and struggle for independence). Nigeria and challenges of nation building (military intervention in Nigerian politics; Nigerian Civil War). Concept of trade and economics of self-reliance (indigenous trade and market system; indigenous apprenticeship system among Nigeria people; trade, skill acquisition and self- reliance). Social justices and national development (law definition and classification. Judiciary and fundamental rights. Individual, norms and values (basic Nigeria norms and values, patterns of citizenship acquisition; citizenship and civic responsibilities; indigenous languages, usage and development; negative attitudes and conducts. Cultism, kidnapping and other related social vices). Re-orientation, moral and national values (The 3R’s – Reconstruction, Rehabilitation and Re-orientation; Re-orientation Strategies: Operation Feed the Nation (OFN), Green Revolution, Austerity Measures, War Against Indiscipline (WAI), War Against Indiscipline and Corruption (WAIC), Mass Mobilization for Self-Reliance, Social Justice and Economic Recovery (MAMSER), National Orientation Agency (NOA). Current socio-political and cultural developments in Nigeria.

An overview of the anatomy of the eye and orbit. Structure of the orbit, eye lids, lachrymal apparatus, conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, anterior chamber iris, posterior chamber, lens, ciliary body and extra ocular muscles.

The structure of the vitreous, choroid and retina. Nerve and blood supplies to the eye and orbit. Embryology and development of the eye. Laboratory work is included.