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Historical development of foundry technology. Situating casting as an important manufacturing process. Distinguishing foundry as an establishment and casting as both as process and product. Bases for classification of foundries: ferrous and non-ferrous, captive and jobbing. Application of scientific principles such as law of continuity, Bernoulli equation, and Torricelli equation in the design of gating and rise-ring system in a casting. Directional solidification. Casting methods: sand, investment, pressure, vacuum and permanent mould casting. Various departments in foundry and their functions, process selection, design and specification. Determination of casting techniques, mould and core making, pattern making, furnace charge, casting and finishing; charge calculation, casting defects: design and operation defects, definitions, preventive and curative measure to casting defects.

Survey of main engineering fuel: solid, liquid and gaseous fuels; classification and testing of fuels; fuels and energy utilisation in the metallurgical industry with reference to coking coals for iron and steel production via blast furnace; introduction to coal and coke technology refractories; technology of production and services of main metallurgical refractories: silicon, magnesite, chrome-magnesite, alumina-silicate and other refractories; special refractories, their evaluation and applications in furnace construction; classification of metallurgical furnaces and reactors, their design and construction.

Fluid properties, hydrostatics, fluid dynamics using principles of mass, momentum and energy conservation from a control volume approach. Flow measurements in pipes, dimensional analysis, and similitude, 2-dimensional flows. Hydropower systems.

Historical survey of the development and importance of organic chemistry; fullerenes as fourth allotrope of carbon, uses as nanotubules, nanostructures, nanochemistry. Electronic theory in organic chemistry. Isolation and purification of organic compounds; determination of structures of organic compounds including qualitative and quantitative analysis in organic chemistry; nomenclature and functional group classes of organic compounds. Introductory reaction mechanism and kinetics. Stereochemistry. The chemistry of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, ethers, amines, alkyl halides, nitriles, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and derivatives. The chemistry of selected metals and non-metals. Comparative chemistry of group IA, IIA and IVA elements. Introduction to transition metal chemistry.

Space and time; units and dimension, vectors and scalars, differentiation of vectors: displacement, velocity and acceleration; kinematics; Newton’s laws of motion (inertial frames, impulse, force and action at a distance, momentum conservation); relative motion; application of Newtonian mechanics; equations of motion; conservation principles in physics, conservative forces, conservation of linear momentum, kinetic energy and work, potential energy, system of particles, centre of mass; rotational motion; torque, vector product, moment, rotation of coordinate axes and angular momentum. Polar coordinates; conservation of angular momentum; circular motion; moments of inertia, gyroscopes and precession; gravitation: Newton’s law of gravitation, Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, gravitational potential energy, escape velocity, satellites motion and orbits.

Heat and temperature, temperature scales; gas laws; general gas equation; thermal conductivity; first Law of thermodynamics; heat, work and internal energy, reversibility; thermodynamic processes; adiabatic, isothermal, isobaric; second law of thermodynamics; heat engines and entropy, Zero’s law of thermodynamics; kinetic theory of gases; molecular collisions and mean free path; elasticity; Hooke's law, Young's shear and bulk moduli; hydrostatics; pressure, buoyancy, Archimedes' principles; Bernoullis equation and incompressible fluid flow; surface tension; adhesion, cohesion, viscosity, capillarity, drops and bubbles.

Laboratory experiments designed to reflect topics presented in courses CHM 101 and CHM 102. These include acid-base titrations, qualitative analysis, redox reactions, gravimetric analysis, data analysis and presentation.

Continuation of CHM 107. Additional laboratory experiments to include functional group analysis, quantitative analysis using volumetric methods.

This introductory course emphasizes quantitative measurements. Experimental techniques. The treatment of measurement errors. Graphical analysis. The experiments include studies of meters, the oscilloscope, mechanical systems, electrical and mechanical resonant systems, light, heat, viscosity, etc. (covered in PHY 101, 102, 103 and PHY 104). However, emphasis should be placed on the basic physical techniques for observation, measurements, data collection, analysis, and deduction.

This practical course is a continuation of PHY 107 and is intended to be taught during the second semester of the 100 level to cover the practical aspect of the theoretical courses that have been covered with emphasis on quantitative measurements, the treatment of measurement errors, and graphical analysis. However, emphasis should be placed on the basic physical techniques for observation, measurements, data collection, analysis and deduction.