CCMAS Course Search

Elementary Kinematics and vector algebra, Newton’s laws of motion., STAic forces acting on a human body, Elasticity and strength of materials, Momentum conservation; application to contusion and fracture during impacts, and to similar medical situations; conservation of energy; the first law of thermodynamics; applications to metabolism and work done by various organs of the body, Angular momentum and torque, Harmonic motion and diffusion, Applications to osmotic pressure and passage of substances through capillary walls, Molecular motion in gases: distribution functions and the Boltzmann principles, Intermolecular collisions and transport processes, Equilibrium in external fields; the centrifuge and measurement of molecular weight.

Coulomb’s Law, electric fields, Gauss law, the electroSTAic potential, Laplace’s equation, point charges, continuous charge distributions and dipoles, capacitors, dielectrics and field energy, Nernst-Planck equation and membrane potentials, Theory of electrolytes: Solubility and electrophoresis of proteins, quasi-STAic flow of charge, distribution of potential in volume conductors, Application of electrocardiography, Magnetic fields, Amperes laws; the law of Biot and Savart, Magnetic properties of matter, Faraday’s law of induction, Electrical circuits, oscillators, feedback, with application to medical instrumentation e.g pacemakers. 300 Level

Physics of heat and biophysical principles of heating and superficial heating, Faradic Current I Definition, Parameters. Motor points, Methods, Faradic Current II, Physiological effects, therapeutic uses, indications, dangers and precautions, Interrupted Direct Current - Definition, Parameters, Methods, Physiological effects, Therapeutic uses, indication, dangers, precautions, Other forms of low frequency currents - diadynamics and many others. Electrotherapy Diagnosis - Strength duration curve test, Electromyography, chronaxie, rheobase, pulse ratio, Values of each method. Direct Current - Galvanism; Iontophoresis - uses, indication, Medium Frequency Currents/Near current form-effects of interferential Currents. Electrical Nerve stimulation for analgesia-Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve stimulation, Interferential Therapy. Pain Modulation Theory.

Physics of heat and biophysical principles of heating and superficial heating agents. Modes of heat transfer-Conduction, convection and radiation. Thermotherapy I-Contact Techniques Water, Hot packs, Physiological effects, therapeutic uses, techniques. Thermotherapy. Contact Techniques - Paraffin Wax-Physiological effects, therapeutic uses, techniques. Thermotherapy III- Radiations - Infra Red Radiation, Therapy- Physiological effects, techniques, indications, contraindications, precaution. Ultraviolet radiation - productions, physiological effects, therapeutic uses, techniques contra-indications, indications, precaution. Ultrasound Therapy - Production, characteristics and physiological effects, Therapeutic uses, techniques, indications, contraindications, precautions. Laser - background on LASER, principles of LASER, basic components, classification, biophysical effects, indications/contraindications, documentation

Structure and functions of the skin. Effects and consequences of the application of local heat on tissues. General guideline to the uses of most electrotherapeutic modalities. Standards for each treatment procedure. Different methods of heat transfer. Danger of sudden increase in heat stress. High Frequency Currents (HFC) - Historical back ground, What is HFC, Properties of HFC, Production of HFC. Short Wave Diathermy (SWD) - Principles of production, Methods of application, Physiological effects, Therapeutic uses, Indications, Contra-indication, Potential Danger, Safety precautions; Micro-Wave Diathermy (MWD) - Principles of production, Methods of application, Physiological effects, Therapeutic uses, Indications, Contraindication, Potential Danger, Safety precautions.

Concept of Entrepreneurship (Entrepreneurship, Intrapreneurship/Corporate Entrepreneurship). Theories, rationale and relevance of entrepreneurship (Schumpeterian and other perspectives, risk-taking, necessity and opportunity-based entrepreneurship and creative destruction). Characteristics of entrepreneurs (Opportunity seeker, risk taker, natural and nurtured, problem solver and change agent, innovator and creative thinker). Entrepreneurial thinking (Critical thinking, reflective thinking, and creative thinking). Innovation (Concept of innovation, dimensions of innovation, change and innovation, Knowledge and innovation). Enterprise formation, partnership and networking (Basics of business plan, forms of business ownership, business registration and forming alliances and joint ventures). Contemporary entrepreneurship issues (Knowledge, skills and technology, intellectual property, virtual office, networking). Entrepreneurship in Nigeria (Biography of inspirational entrepreneurs, youth and women entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship support institutions, youth enterprise networks and environmental and cultural barriers to entrepreneurship). Basic principles of e-commerce.

Definition and goal of ergonomics. Simple and complex work systems. Description of human- machine systems – human components, machine components of a work-system and the local environment. Modern work-system and standard format for describing human-machine systems. Some basic body mechanics – stability and support, control of muscle function, fatigue and discomfort, the spine and pelvis as related to posture. Musculoskeletal problems in sitting and standing - back pain, neck pain and many others. Anthropometric principles in workspace and equipment design (structural anthropometric variables). Different types of office chairs. Ergonomic adaptation of machines and general conditions towards achieving maximal efficiency by the worker. Ergonomic advice and occupational health physiotherapy.

Definitions of physiology of exercise. Importance of Exercise physiology in human health and functioning. Structure of skeletal muscle. Functions of skeletal muscle. Energy systems and body fuels. Final common pathway of metabolism. Physiological adjustment of body systems to exercise under different conditions. Body response to acute/single bout exercise, exercise and adaptations to chronic exercises. Effects of exercise on body composition.

Mechanics principles: Force, Tension, Mechanics of position (Gravity, base of support, equilibrium, fixation and stabilisation). Mechanics of movement: Axes and planes, scalar and vector quantity. Simple machines (Levers and Pulley). Pendulums, Elasticity. General introduction to movement: Body levers and the force applied to it, types of movement and posture, types of muscle contraction, types of muscle work, range of muscle work, strength of muscle contraction, group action of muscles, pattern of movement, timing of movement, rhythm of movement and the nervous control of movement. Introduction to exercise therapy: definition, aims of treatment by exercise therapy, the techniques of exercise therapy, starting positions. Introduction to breathing exercise (Chest physiotherapy): Localized breathing, general breathing, measurement of chest girth (chest expansion), vital capacity. Approach to patient problems and assessment of patient's conditions.

The theory and principles of application of the different classes of therapeutic exercises: - Passive movements and Active exercises. Specific exercise Regimens (Isotonic exercise Regimen, Isokinetic exercises Regimen, Chest Physiotherapy). Some mechanical variable in exercise prescription (progression of exercises):- Intensity, Maximum Heart Rate (HRmax), Rates of expired exertion, Maximum Oxygen Consumption (V02max), Frequency of exercise, Duration of exercise. Therapeutic Exercises for the treatment of specific neuro-musculoskeletal conditions. Treatment of abdominal surgery (Pre and post op physiotherapy). Routine exercise when plaster of Paris (Cast) is in-situ, Common fractures:- Colle's fractures, Pott's fractures, fracture shaft of femur and many others. General postural correction - Definition of posture, Regulation of posture, Technique of lifting an object/ patient, Correct sitting posture, Correct standing posture, Correct walking posture, Causes of faculty posture, Principle of treatment of faulty postures. Principles of muscle strengthening in health and disease as applied to major muscles of the body. Role of motor unit in muscle strengthening. Use of medicine ball, wobble boards, and Tilt tables. Relaxation techniques. Exercise programme development & design, principles of therapeutic exercise prescription. Individual and group/class exercise therapy.