CCMAS Course Search

Blood groups – Other blood groups such as MNS, Duff, Kell, Kidd and many others. Grouping techniques and antibody screening, clinical significance, secretor status, antenatal Serology – screening and Titration. Compatibility procedures – different methods, advantages and disadvantages, Blood Transfusion reactions – causes and types; Investigation, Risks attendant in blood transfusion – Diseases, Anaphylactic, haemolytic and allergic reactions. Screening of Donor blood for disease agents such as HbAgs, HIV, VDRL. Practical/tutorials. Compatibility procedures – advantages and disadvantages. Practical based on the above topics.

Porphyrin, causes, symptoms and laboratory investigation of porphyrinaemia, porphyria and Porphyrinuria, Haemoglobin, synthesis, function. Glycosylated haemoglobins. Abnormal haemoglobins and haemoglobinopathies, Liver function Tests. Mechanism of Enzyme action and kinetics: Clinical Enzymology; Isoenzymes in medicine, Coenzymes and Vitamins. Definition, causes, consequences and investigation of some inborn errors of metabolism; Phenylketonuria, galactosaemia fructose intolerance, Albinism, aminoaciduria, Endocrine glands and functions; the hypothalamus, the pituitary, the parathyroid, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla, the gonads and reproductive endocrinology. Foeto-placental function. Calcium and bone metabolism. Pancreatic function tests. Basic neurochemistry, CSF – normal composition and changes in disease.

Analytical Techniques. Birth of a new method, devising new techniques, biological trials and tests for acceptability. Solid/dry phase chemistry, dipstick technology, thin film technology. Immobilised enzymes. Analytical techniques employed in qualitative and quantitative determination of (a) Enzymes: phosphatases, transaminases, dehydrogenases, Kinases (b) Hormones: catecholamines and metabolites peptide and steroid hormones (c) Proteins: total proteins albumin and globulin, specific proteins (d) Lipids: cholesterol, triglycerides, glycerol, fatty acids and lipoproteins. (e) Trace elements – Fe, Cu Zn, Mg, Selenium (f) non-protein nitrogen – Urea, creatinine, creatine, uric acid, amino acids and ammonia Urinalysis; determination of urine specific gravity, osmolarity; qualitative tests for protein, glucose. and reducing substances, Ketone bodies, bilirubin urobilinogen and blood. Haemoglobin and haemoglobin derivatives in urine. Spectroscopy of haemoglobin and its derivatives in blood and urine.

Sound patterns in English Language (vowels and consonants, phonetics and phonology). English word classes (lexical and grammatical words, definitions, forms, functions, usages, collocations). Sentence in English (types: structural and functional, simple and complex). Grammar and Usage (tense, mood, modality and concord, aspects of language use in everyday life). Logical and Critical Thinking and Reasoning Methods (Logic and Syllogism, Inductive and Deductive Argument and Reasoning Methods, Analogy, Generalisation and Explanations). Ethical considerations, Copyright Rules and Infringements. Writing Activities: (Pre-writing , Writing, Post writing, Editing and Proofreading; Brainstorming, outlining, Paragraphing, Types of writing, Summary, Essays, Letter, Curriculum Vitae, Report writing, Note making and many others. Mechanics of writing). Comprehension Strategies: (Reading and types of Reading, Comprehension Skills, 3RsQ). Information and Communication Technology in modern Language Learning. Language skills for effective communication. Major word formation processes. Writing and reading comprehension strategies. Logical and critical reasoning for meaningful presentations. Art of public speaking and listening.

Concept of Entrepreneurship (Entrepreneurship, Intrapreneurship/Corporate Entrepreneurship). Theories, Rationale and relevance of Entrepreneurship (Schumpeterian and other perspectives, Risk-Taking, Necessity and opportunity-based entrepreneurship and Creative destruction). Characteristics of Entrepreneurs (Opportunity seeker, Risk taker, Natural and Nurtured, Problem solver and change agent, Innovator and creative thinker). Entrepreneurial thinking (Critical thinking, Reflective thinking, and Creative thinking). Innovation (Concept of innovation, Dimensions of innovation, Change and innovation, Knowledge and innovation). Enterprise formation, partnership and networking (Basics of Business Plan, Forms of business ownership, Business registration and Forming alliances and join ventures). Contemporary Entrepreneurship Issues (Knowledge, Skills and Technology, Intellectual property, Virtual office, Networking). Entrepreneurship in Nigeria (Biography of inspirational Entrepreneurs, Youth and women entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship support institutions, Youth enterprise networks and Environmental and cultural barriers to entrepreneurship). Basic principles of e-commerce.

ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups, Inheritance, distribution and Genetic Theory. Blood Grouping Techniques – principles, disadvantages and advantages. Preparation of antisera – antiserum titration, avidity, Potency and specificity. Plant lectins –Preparation and Standardisation of antisera from lectins such as Dolichos biflorus Anticoagulants used in BGS, ACD, CPD-CPA-A and many others. Modes of Action, Side effects. Blood Bottles (MRC) and Plastic Bags – Advantages and disadvantages. Donor Screening- using CuSO4 method – other methods of screening. Preparation of blood products – cryoprecipitate, platelet rich plasma, packed cell fresh frozen plasma, fibrinogen and many others. Storage of blood and blood products – various methods, advantages and disadvantages Blood banking-organisation, structures, facilities and records. Blood group specific substances – synthesis, identification method(s) and application. Quality control of physical, chemical and reagent. Practical/tutorials ABO and Rhesus grouping methods, Antiserum Titration DCT and ICT antibody screening.

Physiologic anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract, Review of smooth muscle function, Secretions in the G.I.T. and their control, Movements of the gastrointestinal tract, Digestion and absorption of various food substances, Physiologic anatomy of the liver and biliary system including their functions, Disorders of G.I.T, The gut as an endocrine organ. Nutrition: energy and other dietary requirements. Basal metabolic rate. Nitrogen balance. Amino acid deficiency. Hormonal control of nutritional needs, vitamins, mineral mechanisms. Food value of local foodstuffs. Diet sheets and nutritional deficiency states.

Spermatogenesis, oogenesis; ovarian follicles; ovulation; corpus luteum; menstruation; uterine cycle; hormonal control of uterine cycle; fertilization; cleavage; implantation; reproductive technologies-IVF/surrogacy/embryo transfer; embryo manipulation & potency/twinning; molecular embryology and transgenesis; gastrulation; notochord, neurulation; derivatives of the germ layers; folding of the embryo; fetal membranes; placenta; development of limbs and teratology. Growth and perinatology; congenital malformations – general introduction. The cardiovascular system, skin, structure of the nails and hair. Macrophagic system; cellular immunology; lymphoid organs; glands – endocrine and exocrine. Respiratory system. Digestive system. Urinary and genital systems. Electron micrograph studies of each organ.

Introductory chemistry of amino acids; their properties, reactions and biological functions. Classification of amino acids: neutral, basic and acidic; polar and non-polar; essential and non- essential amino acids. Peptides. Introductory chemistry and classification of proteins. Biological functions of proteins. Methods of their isolation, purification and identification. Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins. Basic principles of tests for proteins and amino acids. Introductory chemistry of carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids. Nomenclature of nucleosides, and nucleotides; effects of acid and alkali on hydrolysis of nucleic acids.

The cell theory. Structures and functions of major cell components. Cell types, constancy and diversity. Cell organelles of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Chemical composition of cells. Centrifugation; Methods of cell fractionation. Structure, function and fractionation of extra- cellular organelles. Water, total body water and its distribution. Regulation of water and electrolyte balance. Disorder of water and electrolyte balance. Acidity and alkalinity, pH and pK values and their effects on cellular activities.