Clinical Chemistry II

At the end of this course, students should be able to: 1. describe basic concepts of general principles of enzymes kinetics; 2. discuss analytical techniques employed in qualitative and quantitative determination of enzymes; and 3. describe basic concepts of activation.

Analytical Techniques. Birth of a new method, devising new techniques, biological trials and tests for acceptability. Solid/dry phase chemistry, dipstick technology, thin film technology. Immobilised enzymes. Analytical techniques employed in qualitative and quantitative determination of (a) Enzymes: phosphatases, transaminases, dehydrogenases, Kinases (b) Hormones: catecholamines and metabolites peptide and steroid hormones (c) Proteins: total proteins albumin and globulin, specific proteins (d) Lipids: cholesterol, triglycerides, glycerol, fatty acids and lipoproteins. (e) Trace elements – Fe, Cu Zn, Mg, Selenium (f) non-protein nitrogen – Urea, creatinine, creatine, uric acid, amino acids and ammonia Urinalysis; determination of urine specific gravity, osmolarity; qualitative tests for protein, glucose. and reducing substances, Ketone bodies, bilirubin urobilinogen and blood. Haemoglobin and haemoglobin derivatives in urine. Spectroscopy of haemoglobin and its derivatives in blood and urine.