CCMAS Course Search

Types of wounds and injuries. Firearm & firearm injuries. Signs of death. Sudden unexpected death. Identification. Doctor at the scene of death. Doctor in court, post-mortem examination. Medical jurisprudence. Sexual offences. Criminal abortion. Hanging. Suffocation. Electrocution. Asphyxia. Drowning and investigation of poison death. Medico-legal examination and report writing. Death certification. Confidentiality and medical ethics.

Approach to evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms. Jaundice, differential diagnosis and investigations. Evaluation of weight loss, differential diagnosis and investigations. Evaluation of patients with abdominal pain, abdominal swelling upper GI haemorrhage. Nutritional disorders, clinical presentation, causes and investigations. Oesophagitis, gastro-enteritis (acute, chronic), peptic ulcer disease (with complications), cholecystitis, pancreatitis (acute and chronic), hepatitis. Acute infective (type A), chronic (type B), non A, non B. Hepatoma (prevalence, causes), ascites (causes, management), abdominal masses, gastrointestinal haemorrhage, malabsorption syndromes and GIT infections, dysentery.

Peptic ulcer disease. Cholecystitis and pancreatitis with consideration of diagnostic procedure such as laboratory tests. Cholecystogram. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Chronic active hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastrointestinal malignancies. Malabsorption syndromes. Hepatic failure.

Gastrointestinal system. Diarrhoea, definition, mechanisms of diarrhoea, classification of diarrhoea. Aetiology, clinical features, evaluation, complications, treatment and prevention. Vomiting in children, causes, evaluation of a child with vomiting, complications, treatment. Fluid imbalance, peculiarities of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis in children. Dehydration, types of dehydration, severity of dehydration. Assessment of hydration status of children. Complications of dehydration. Management. Electrolyte imbalance, causes of electrolyte imbalance in children. Clinical features and management of various types of electrolyte imbalance- hyponatraemia, hypernatremia, hypokalaemia, hyperkalaemia, acidosis, alkalosis, hypochloraemia, hyperchloremia. Oral rehydration therapy, what is ORT, mechanism of action of ORT, types of ORT. Composition of ORS and its uses. Jaundice, definition, causes. Evaluation of a child with jaundice. Hepatitis, definition, aetiology, acute and chronic hepatitis. Hepatic encephalopathy, clinical manifestations, interpreting laboratory features, complications, treatment and prevention. Intestinal parasites, types, life cycle, modes of transmission, clinical features, impact of intestinal parasites on child health, complications, treatment and prevention. Abdominal pain. Acute abdomen. Chronic abdominal pain, aetiology, evaluation of a child with abdominal pain. Interpreting laboratory and imaging studies, Treatment. Malabsorption, definition, classification, diseases associated with malabsorption, consequences of malabsorption, evaluation, investigating children with malabsorption of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and other nutrients, treatment. GIT bleeding, classification, upper and lower GI bleeding. Evaluation and resuscitation of a child with GI bleeding, treatment. Oedema and ascites, pathophysiology, aetiology, evaluation, management. Genitourinary, evaluation of urogenital system, brief anatomy and physiology of the urogenital system, history suggestive of disorders of the system, examination of the urogenital system, examination of the urine, investigations required in evaluating urinary 117 system disorders. Evaluation of the glomerular filtration rate. Nephritic and nephritic syndrome, definition of nephrotic syndrome, Pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome. Aetiology of nephrotic syndrome, clinical features. Work up of suspected cases, management, Complications of nephrotic syndrome, outcome/prognosis. Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN); Introduction with definitions. aetiology of acute glomerulonephritis. Prototype-post- streptococcal AGN, pathophysiology of AGN. Clinical features. work up of suspected cases, Management. Outcome/prognosis. Acute kidney injury and end stage renal disease. Definition of AKI, aetiology and classification of AKI, pathophysiology of AKI, clinical presentation, investigation, management. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) definition, aetiology and classification of CKD, pathophysiology of CKD, clinical presentations. Work up of suspected cases, management. Urinary tract anomalies and infections. Introduction and levels of CAKUTs. Types of CAKUTs, pathogenesis, clinical presentation. Specific types, posterior urethral valves (PUVs) and vesicoureteric reflux (VUR), types, clinical presentations, management. Urinary tract infections (UTIs), definition, aetiology and risk factors for UTIs, forms of presentation. Pathogenesis. Diagnosis of UTI. Management. Haematuria and proteinuria. Pathophysiology, causes, evaluation, management.

Physiologic anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract. Review of smooth muscle function. Secretions in the G.I.T. and their control. Movements of the gastrointestinal tract. Digestion and absorption of various food substances. Liver and its functions. Disorders of G.I.T. The Gut as an endocrine organ.

Cell structure and organisation. Functions of cellular organelles. Characteristics and classification of living things. Chromosomes, genes their relationships and importance. General reproduction. Interrelationships of organisms (competitions, parasitism, predation, symbiosis, commensalisms, mutualism, saprophytism). Heredity and evolution (introduction to Darwinism and Lamarkism, Mendelian laws, explanation of key genetic terms). Elements of ecology and types of habitat.

Basic characteristics, identification and classification of viruses, bacteria and fungi. A generalized survey of the plant and animal kingdoms based mainly on the study of similarities and differences in the external features. Ecological adaptations. Briefs on physiology to include nutrition, respiration, circulatory systems, excretion, reproduction, growth and development.

Common laboratory hazards. Prevention and first aid. Measurements in biology. Uses and care of microscope. Compound and dissecting microscope. Biological drawings and illustration, scaling, accuracy and proportion. Use of common laboratory apparatus and laboratory experiments designed to illustrate the topics covered in BIO 101.

Anatomy of flowering plants, primary vegetative body, stem, leaf and root to show the mature tissues namely parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, xylem and phloem. Types of fruits and seeds. Care and use of dissecting kits and other biological wares. Dissection and general histology of animal tissues based on vertebrate forms. Morphology and functions of epithelial, muscular, nervous and connective tissues. Examination of various groups of lower invertebrates under microscopes, identification of various groups of organisms in animal kingdom. Any experiment designed to emphasise the practical aspects of topics in BIO 102.

Atoms, molecules, elements, compounds and chemical reactions. Modern electronic theory of atoms. Electronic configuration, periodicity and building up of the periodic table. Hybridization and shapes of simple molecules. Valence forces and structure of solids. Chemical equations and stoichiometry, chemical bonding and intermolecular forces and kinetic theory of matter. Elementary thermochemistry, rates of reaction, equilibrium and thermodynamics. Acids, bases and salts. Properties of gases. Redox reactions and introduction to electrochemistry. Radioactivity.