CCMAS Course Search

Other contrast examinations, venography, Bronchography, ventriculography, Encephalography, Sinography. Principles of Tomography, Macro radiography Xeroradiography. Special topics. Radiographic techniques that describe contemporary procedures in digital, molecular, and oncology imaging. Overview of techniques for all systems. History of Mammography, Albert Salomon (German Surgeon) on 1913, Comparism of surgical tissue and healthy breast. Uses of Mammography Equipment Compression devices, the magnification setup, use of grids and automatic exposure controls, X-ray generators in Mammography. Anatomy of breast, Factors of good quality Mammogram: Radiographer, Patient factor, equipment. Technique factors: Adequate penetration, Contrast and patient dose. Patient preparation, techniques and projections. Male Mammography: breast cancer and gynaecomastia. Indication and techniques for ductography.

Introduction to Radiography. Principles of Image formation, Factors affecting image quality. Radiation Protection in a clinical setting. Appropriate technique presentation format. Identification and preparation of the patient for the radiographic examination of the upper extremity: Fingers, thumb, hand and many others. Shoulder girdle and thorax. Radiography of the skull, Dental Radiography, skeletal surveys; plain Radiography of the viscera and soft tissue. Accident and emergency Radiography. Introduction to investigations involving contrast media Pharmaco-Radiography. The contrast examination of the gastrointestinal system, excretory system, Obstetric and Gynaecological examination. Sialography, operating theatre techniques.,

Application of Managerial functions, Health Management Structure Health Care Policy. Inter- dependence of various departments. Radiology department and organisational structure.Financial resources and management. Vital Personnel Management, Management and communication process. Patient – flow and appointment system. Public Relations. Evaluation of Management principles and performance. Total quality management.

Application of Ionizing Radiation to Tumors and other Diseases. Superficial and Deep Therapy. Heat and Immunotherapy. Nature and Types of Cancer, staying of cancer, causes and Management. Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Equipment for production of Radiation Therapy Beam. Radiation Beam measurement/Isodose curves. Radiation protection Beam Modifiers/applicators. Simulator and their uses, Manual and automatic Planning. Treatment fields and applications. Radio-therapeutic procedures for selected organs. Mould room and their uses. Management of Patient and Post Treatment Patient Care Drugs.

Research process and philosophy behind research, Types of Scientific enquiry. Research designs. Formulation of Hypotheses. Data collection methods. Validity and reliability issues and their importance, sensitivity and specificity issues. Application of bio-statistical tools and methods. Methods of data presentation deductive, inductive and inferences. Ethics of Medical research. Research reporting.

Presentation of a paper by each student on an approved topic at a Departmental colloquium.

Epidemiology – Definition, Principles and methods, Health Education, Environmental health, Occupational health, Public Health administration/Health Care. Epidemiology of Communicable and non-communicable diseases. Social medicine, National and International Regulations relating to health.Radiography and sonography in pediatric, maternal care and emergencies.

Extended clinical exposure and hands on training based on lectures taught in RAD 441, RAD 421, RAD 431, RAD 443, RAD 433, RAD 442, RAD 444, RAD 445 and RAD 446.

Common ultrasound terminologies. Normal Pelvic Anatomy: Uterus – anatomy and ultrasound examination. Vagina – sonographic appearance. Ovaries – Anatomy to include shape, size in prepubertal, menstrual and post menstrual stages. Supporting structures – Divisions of the pelvis ie true & false pelvis, location and functions of supporting muscular structures. Sites of fluid accumulation – anterior and posterior cul-de-sac, space of Retzius and fornices. Vasculature – roles of uterine and ovanian arteries. Physiology: Menstrual Cycle – role of the pituitary gland in menstruation should be stated. pregnancy Test – indicators of pregnancy. Fertilisation – formation of embryo. Infertility and Endocrinology. Contraceptives. Sonographic findings with IUCDs. First Trimester: Gestational Sac – embryology of the gestational sac. Sonographic findings of gestational sac development: Yolk Sac, Ovaries (corpus Luteum), Pregnancy failure – Fetal demise, anembryonic pregnancy (blighted ovum), threatened abortion, inevitable, missed, habitual, complete/spontenous abortion. Ectopic pregnancy. Sonographic examination in the first trimester. Determination of presence or absence of fetal life. Determination of fetal number. Simple description of common artifacts and their origin, Dosimetry, bio effects regulations and standard of practice, quality assurance and equipment specifications. Second and Third Trimester (Normal Anatomy): Basic guidelines for obstetric sonograms. Fetal biometry, Basic survey of fetal anatomy to rule out abnormality. Evaluation of fetal Cranium, Spine, Heart, abdominal organs and limbs Abdominal Sonography: Liver, Structure and Anatomy: Sonographic appearances in normal and disease conditions. Biliary Tree: Anatomy of the gall bladder, nature & function of the Bile ducts, Bile and splincter of odds should be stressed. Normal anatomical variants – functional fold, Phrygian cap, Hertmann’spouh, Scanning techniques d. Indications & laboratory values. Pancreas: Anatomy – subdivisions, Pancreatic ducts; duct of wirsung, ducts of santorim, blood supply, functions – endocrine & exocrine systems. Scanning techniques & laboratory values. Introduction to Computed Tomography: Basic terminology, Components – imaging, computer and display systems, Digital image processing overview, Image manipulation. Overview of imaging parameters; Protocol selection, Motion reduction. Overview of clinical applications of CT, Information gained, Pathology demonstrated, Basic positioning guidelines. Patient and personal safety: Radiation dose considerations, Table weight limits, Pregnancy, Emergency in the scanning area, Contraindications to patient scanning. Computer Technology: Review of Computers and their operation, Digital Image Processing; CT Components: Equipment and Software: Data acquisition and Reconstruction: Acquisition methods, Spiral CT, Scanogram, Technical Factors, Image Quality/Manipulation, Radiation Dose, Artifacts, Correcting Suboptimal Images, Display/Recording/Storage and Quality Assurance.

Opportunity Identification (Sources of business opportunities in Nigeria, Environmental scanning, Demand and supply gap/unmet needs/market gaps/Market Research, Unutilised resources, Social and climate conditions and Technology adoption gap). New business development (business planning, market research). Entrepreneurial Finance (Venture capital, Equity finance, Micro finance, Personal savings, Small business investment organisations and Business plan competition). Entrepreneurial marketing and e-commerce (Principles of marketing, Customer Acquisition & Retention, B2B, C2C and B2C models of e-commerce, First Mover Advantage, E- commerce business models and Successful E-Commerce Companies,). Small Business Management/Family Business: Leadership & Management, Basic book keeping, Nature of family business and Family Business Growth Model. Negotiation and Business communication (Strategy and tactics of negotiation/bargaining, Traditional and modern business communication methods). Opportunity Discovery Demonstrations (Business idea generation presentations, Business idea Contest, Brainstorming sessions, Idea pitching). Technological Solutions (The Concept of Market/Customer Solution, Customer Solution and Emerging Technologies, Business Applications of New Technologies - Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual/Mixed Reality (VR), Internet of Things (IoTs), Blockchain, Cloud Computing, Renewable Energy and many others. Digital Business and E-Commerce Strategies).