CCMAS Course Search

Forces in nature. Electrostatics; electric charge and its properties, methods of charging. Coulomb’s law and superposition. electric field and potential. Gauss’s law. Capacitance. Electric dipoles. Energy in electric fields. Conductors and insulators, current, voltage and resistance. Ohm’s law and analysis of DC circuits. Magnetic fields. Lorentz force. Biot-Savart and Ampère’s laws. magnetic dipoles. Dielectrics. Energy in magnetic fields. Electromotive force. Electromagnetic induction. Self and mutual inductances. Faraday and Lenz’s laws. Step up and step-down transformers: Maxwell's equations. Electromagnetic oscillations and waves. AC voltages and currents applied to inductors, capacitors, resistance, and combinations.

This introductory course emphasises quantitative measurements. The treatment of measurement errors, and graphical analysis. A variety of experimental techniques should be employed. The experiments include studies of meters, the oscilloscope, mechanical systems, electrical and mechanical resonant systems. Light. Heat. Viscosity and many others, covered in PHY 101 and PHY 102. However, emphasis should be placed on the basic physical techniques for observation, measurements, data collection, analysis and deduction.

This practical course is a continuation of PHY 107 and is intended to be taught during the second semester of the 100 level to cover the practical aspect of the theoretical courses that have been covered with emphasis on quantitative measurements. The treatment of measurement errors, and graphical analysis. However, emphasis should be placed on the basic physical techniques for observation, measurements, data collection, analysis and deduction. 200 Level

Introduction to the trunk; thoracic cage; intercostal space; thoracic cavity; pleural cavities; lungs; mediastinum general; anterior & superior mediastinum; middle; mediastinum – heart and pericardium; heart – applied anatomy; posterior mediastinum. General anatomy of abdomen and abdominal regions; anterior abdominal wall muscles; inguinal canal – inguinal and femoral hernias; peritoneal cavity and spaces; abdominal oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, spleen, small intestine, large intestine, appendix; portal venous system; portocaval anastomoses; liver and gallbladder. Pancreas and biliary apparatus; kidneys, suprarenal glands, and ureters; diaphragm; posterior abdominal wall; aorta and inferior vena cava; posterior abdominal wall muscles; lumbosacral plexus; bony and ligamentous pelvis; pelvic diaphragm (floor); male reproductive organs; female reproductive organs; male and female external genitalia; perineum; rectum and anal canal; pelvic blood vessels; abdomino-pelvic nervous system.

Definition of health measurement. population and individual health statistics. physiotherapy measurement and clinical decision making. outcomes assessment and selection and integration of outcome measures into clinical practice. development of clinical measuring instruments. measurement of specific variables including vital signs, pain, disability, functional performance. anthropometric variables, physical fitness measurement (stress test), lung function tests, motor function tests. Psychometric properties including validity, reliability, utility, sensitivity and specificity, and clinically important change. measurement of specific variables including disability. Health-related quality of life, satisfaction with life, mental status. Activities of daily living functions, stress and many others.

The heart; events of the cardiac cycle. Control of cardiac contractility. Cardiac electrophysiology. Properties of cardiac muscles. Cardiac output - measurement and control. Haemodynamics of circulation. Arterial blood pressure and its regulation. Cardiovascular reflexes. Peripheral resistance and local control of the circulation. Regional blood flow. Cardiovascular changes in exercise, haemorrhage and shock. Respiratory physiology – functions of upper respiratory tract. Mechanics of respiration including compliance. Surfactant. Lung volume and capacities. Pulmonary gas exchange. Blood gas transport. Pulmonary function tests. Nervous and chemical control of respiration. Response to hypoxia, high altitude, exercise and artificial respiration.

History and evolution of physiotherapy as a profession and a clinical practice/approach to health care management. Definition of Physiotherapy. Clinical Responsibilities (Personal Responsibility, Professional Responsibility, Role of patient to the therapist; Preparation of the environment; Preparation of the patient). Assessment: - Identification, History, Examination (Local Examination Observation, Palpation, Movement). Values of Record Keeping, Vital Signs (Pulse, Respiratory Rate, Body Temperature, Blood Pressure). Skin Sensation Tests (Perception of pain and touch, Perception of hot and cold), White Reaction, Triple response, Tendon reflexes, Babinski Reflex, Assessment of muscle bulk, Measurement of muscle strength, Measurement of pain, Measurement of joint range, Walking aids.

Introduction and history of physiology. Structure and functions of cell membranes. Transport process. Special transport mechanism in amphibian bladder, kidney, gall bladder, intestine, astrocytes and exocrine glands. Biophysical principles. Homeostasis and control systems including temperature regulation. Biological rhythms. Composition and functions of blood. Haemopoiesis. WBC and differential count. Plasma proteins Coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet functions. Blood groups –ABO system – Rh system. Blood transfusion – indication for collection and storage of blood, hazards of blood transfusions. Reticulo- endothelial system. Imunity and immodeficiency disease and HIV.

Bio-mechanical principles as related to human motion. Relationship of anatomical structures to physical functions. Range of muscle work (inner, middle and outer). Types of muscle contraction. Group action of muscles agonists, antagonists, fixators, synergists and many others. Principles of motion and force as applied to the body at rest and in motion. Muscular analysis of common activities of daily living (such as standing up from sitting, walking, brushing, hair combing, feeding and many others). Analysis of normal human gait. Methods of kinetic and kinematic gait analysis. Range of motion and causes of limitation. Types of instruments for and methods of measuring range of joint motion. Goniometry. Principles of motion and force as they apply to the body in action and in equilibrium. Range of motion and causes of limitation. Goniometry. Principles, classification and clinical applications of motor skills. Clinical applications of motor skill. Analysis of normal and abnormal human movements such as normal and abnormal gait & Posture. Prescription of corrective therapy for abnormal motions and postures. Types of walking aids and application.

Historical development, and definitions of Massage Manipulations. Preparations for Massage Manipulation - Basic Requirements. Factors determining dosage of massage. Classifications of Massage Manipulations. Massage Techniques; Practical Demonstration on Upper Limb, Lower Limb, Neck, Back and Face. Frictional Massage. Vibration and Shaking Massage Techniques. Hands on for different Conditions - Ulcer, Scars, Oedema, Bell's palsy, Radical Mastectomy, Soft Tissues Injuries, Cardiac Massage. Massage for specific purposes - Sport massage, Massage for the Elderly, Baby and Infant Massage. Massage for Patients with Respiratory Conditions, Bandaging - Varieties of bandages, Bandaging techniques, Bandaging to effect support, Bandaging to control oedema. Mechanical, Physiological, Psychological and therapeutic effects of massage. Inductions and contra-indications for massage manipulations.