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Management decision making. Functions of management planning, organisation, staffing, directing and controlling. Financial management. Principles of extension: diffusion, adoption and rejection of innovations. Communication and leadership in agricultural extension.

Individual student project to deepen knowledge, strengthen practical experience and encourage creativity and independent work. The project ends in a comprehensive written report. Minimum Academic Standards Equipment Minimum Laboratories, Workshops and Studios Category Minimum Requirement Farm Power and Machinery Engineering Laboratories Soil and Water Engineering Agricultural Processing and Storage Engineering Farm Structures and Environmental Control Engineering Workshops Farm Mechanics Machinery Maintenance Studio Engineering Graphics and Drawing List of Laboratories/Workshops/Equipment/Instruments/Tools Farm Power and Machinery Laboratory S/No. Equipment 1 Tractors for field operation 2 Disc and moldboard ploughs 3 Disc ridger 4 Disc harrow-offset and tandem 5 Planter with fertilizer unit 6 Seed drill 7 Hydraulic boom and hand sprayers 8 Grain combine harvester 9 Agricultural trailer 10 Conveyor test belt 11 Knapsack sprayer test rig 12 Tillage and traction model study unit 13 Single cylinder engine test bed 14 Variable compression ration petrol engine test bed 15 Tractor power take-off dynamometre 16 Exhaust calorimetre heat exchanger 17 Fuel consumption measurement system for engine testing 18 Lubricating oil rig 19 Hydraulic power pack 20 Tractor model showing working parts 21 Six speed gear box 22 Tractor real axle section 23 Tractor electrical system 24 Basic transducers for measuring torque, pressure, temperature, etc. 25 Tachometre 26 Single Axle Tractor 27 Blacksmith Furnace 28 Soil Bin for traction Studies 29 PTO 3-pt linkage Dynamometre 30 Drawbar Dynamometre 31 Ergometre (Hand, Bicycle) 32 Stethoscope 33 Oxygen metre 34 Four-cylinder engine test bed 35 Soil cone penetrometer 36 Solar PV modules 37 Inverters 38 Charge controllers 39 Deep cycle batteries 40 Solar PV training kits 41 Gas chromatograph analyseanalyser for biogas 42 Laboratory anaerobic digester systems 43 Laboratory wind turbine 44 Laboratory wind energy conversion kit 45 Laboratory hydro-power kit 46 Mechanical tool box 47 Electrical tool box 48 Solarimetres 49 Sun metres Soil and Water Laboratory S/No. Equipment 1 General Purpose Theodolite 2 Liquid prismatic compass 3 Surveyor’s umbrella Stereoscope 4 5 Nylon-coated steel tapes-50m 6 Leveling staff 7 Abney level 8 Planimetres 9 Physical Survey Basic Set (Pocket Altimetre, range finder, automatic level set, double prismatic square, ranging rods, land chains-30m, chain, arrows, clinometres) 10 Soil Sampling Augers 11 Soil Texture set 12 Sieve sets with shaking machine 13 Centrifuge 14 Weighing balance 15 Tension metres 16 Double ring Infiltrometre 17 Various types of flumes 18 Current Metres 19 Pump test set 20 Pump impeller display panel 21 Laboratory infiltration apparatus 22 Sprinkler irrigation set 23 Drip irrigation set 24 Rainfall simulator 25 Rain gauges 26 Hydrological cycle apparatus 27 Constant head permeametres 28 Falling head permeametres 29 Oven 30 Irrigation pipes 31 Beakers 32 Funnels 33 Measuring cylinders-10ms 34 Plain roller 35 Thermometres 36 Hydrometres 37 Rammers 38 Compaction mould 39 Spatula 40 Soil scoops 41 Tensiometre 42 Permeametre 43 Penetrometre/Penetro-logger 44 Soil auger 45 Soil extruder 46 Portable soil metre 47 Analytical balance 48 Electrical balance (3kg) 49 Timer (electric) 50 Stopwatch 51 Liquid limit device machine 52 Glass plate for plastic limit 53 Proctor mould 54 Density bottle 55 High speed stirrer 56 Automatic soil compactor 57 Shrinkage limit apparatus 58 Neutron probe 59 Lysimetres Agricultural Processing and Storage Laboratory S/No. Equipment 1 Standard Rheometres (Digital) 2 Standard Rheometres (Analogue) 3 Muffler furnace 4 Refrigeration and air conditioning cycles kits impact test apparatus (ACV) 5 Elastic behaviours test kits standing hydraulic press 6 Portable crane hoist 7 Vernier calipers 8 Micrometre screw gauges 9 Extrusion press 10 Strain gauges 11 Steam boilers 12 Assorted measuring tools 13 Assorted woodwork tools 14 Assorted carpentry tools 15 Various hand tools 16 Assorted instruments 17 Assorted tools for maintenance, repairs 18 Gas calorimetres 19 Bomb calorimetres 20 Power jack 21 Stroboscope 22 Grading machine 23 Laboratory gravity separator 24 Hammer mills with kit 25 Burr mill with kit 26 Sets of Tyler sieves 27 Métier Electronic (digital readout) balance Universal testing machine) 28 CBR machine (digital) 29 Wind Tunnel (terminal velocity equipment) 30 Drum-type mixers 31 Vibrators 32 Thermocouple print thermometres 33 Crack detection microscopes 34 Ordinary microscopes 35 Modulus of elasticity kit 36 Electronic extensometer 37 Pendulum impact tester 38 Dry-ice maker 39 Hydraulic extruder 40 Dry shrinkage test machine 41 Colour standard test 42 Laboratory air compressors 43 Moisture determination balance 44 Stop watches, omega 45 Conductivity metre (Wind tunnel for TV) 46 Magnetic stirrers 47 pH-metre (Digital) 48 Laboratory trolley wheel barrows portable digital press 49 Dry mixers 50 Muffle oven 51 Infra-red moisture metre 52 Dryers 53 Drying test apparatus 54 Centrifugal fans 55 Axial fans 56 Cold storage cabins 57 Cabinet refrigerators 58 Deep freezers 59 Humidity measuring equipment 60 Incubations 61 Microwave ovens 62 Air conditioning units 63 Tachometre 64 Robin mixers 65 Tensiometre 66 Silos 67 Shelling machine 68 Centrifuge, standing type 69 Planimetres 70 Stabilizers 71 Laboratory air cleaning machine 72 Laboratory sorting machines 73 Laboratory grading machines 74 Laboratory gravity separators 75 Grain storage bins 76 Centrifugal fans 77 Axial flow fans 78 Grain moisture metres 79 Compression testing machine 80 Tension test machine 81 C.B.R Marshall Tester 82 C.B.R Mould and accessories 83 Feed mill (complete) 84 Apparatus for tensile tests 85 Apparatus for compression tests 86 Bulk density measuring machine 87 Portable water pumps 88 Grain storage bins 89 Thermometres 90 Sieve shakers 91 Digital weighing balances 92 Standard floor weighing machine, 1000kg 93 Top loading electronic balance 94 Sunshine recorders 95 Standard drawing boards sets 96 Coefficient of friction test apparatus 97 Table top inclination plane (Adjustable) 98 Standard inclination plane (Adjustable) 99 Electrical motor- 10hp 100 Thermographs 101 Pre-cleaners 102 Oil expellers 103 Juice extractor 104 Desiccators 105 Stop watches/clocks 106 Rotary evaporators 107 Gas chromatograph 108 pH-metres 109 Egg incubator 110 Glassware (Assorted) 111 Standard generator 112 Individual computer set 113 Laptops 114 Printers 115 Special computer tables 116 Complete public address sets, high voltage, high frequency 117 Projectors 118 Field vehicles 119 Photocopiers 120 Laboratory chairs, tables, and complete form work Farm Structure and Environmental Control Laboratory S/No. Equipment Load Measurement Equipment 1 Compression testing machine 2 Integral boss load measuring rings on compression and tension application 3 100-kN compression/500-kN tension machine 4 33-kN flexural and transverse machine 5 100kN heavy beam flexural and transverse machine 6 Drying and weighing: 7 General purpose electric laboratory oven 8 Incubators 9 Electronic weighing machine 10 Semi-automatic balance 11 Counter flat form scale 12 Mettle weighing machine 13 Spring balance Soil Equipment 1 Melting pot 2 Extruder (big and small) 3 Sample mixer 4 Liquid limit device machine 5 Grooving tools 6 Spatulas (big and small) 7 Measuring cans 8 Glass plate for plastic limit 9 Shrinkage limit apparatus 10 Density bottle 11 High speed stirrer 12 Hydrometre (big and small) 13 Standard compaction rammer 14 Automatic soil compactor 15 Procter mould 16 Compaction mould 17 C.B.R -Marshall Tester 18 C.B.R -Mould and accessories 19 Sand cone 20 Trays (big and small) 21 Scoops 22 Desiccators 23 Field density tools 24 Field density spoons 25 Field rubber headed mailer 26 Field club hammers 27 Field density chisel 28 Field metal dibber tool 29 Field scrappers 30 Field density hand pick 31 Field steel pointed rod 32 Glass jar 33 Mortar 34 Rubber headed pestle 35 Glass evaporating dish 36 Filter paper 37 Conical beaker Concrete Equipment 1 Slip test apparatus 2 Compacting factor apparatus 3 Penetrometre 4 100mm cube mould 5 150mm cube mould 6 Bean mould 7 Cylinder mould 8 Standard curing tank 9 Three-gang mould for 50mm mortal cube 10 Hand steel float 11 Head pans 12 Wheel barrows 13 Diggers 14 Band trowel Sand Aggregates and Fillers Equipment 1 Aggregate impact value apparatus abrasion machine 2 Metal measurement (115mm x 180mm deep) 3 Asphalt Equipment 4 Thermometre 5 Laboratory thermometer 6 Surface thermometer 7 Muffler furnace 8 General Equipment 9 Distiller 10 Measuring tapes 11 Refrigerator 12 Stain gauge indicators 13 Sieve shakers 14 Sets of sieves 15 Set of 200mm diametre (various sizes) 16 Set of 300mm diametre (various sizes) 17 Set of 450mm diametre (various sizes) 18 Vanier caliper 19 Shear box 20 Oedometre (Consolidometre) 21 AAS 22 Automatic weather station 23 Current metre 24 Geometre 25 High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Agricultural Engineering Workshops Farm Mechanics Workshop S/No. Equipment Measuring Tools and Instruments 1 Pocket rule with belt clip (235m) 2 Steel measuring tape caliper rule 3 Procession external micrometre 4 Universal measuring instrument for depth measurement 5 Procession inside micrometre 6 Dial indicator 7 Outside spring caliper 8 Inside spring caliper 9 Metal bar divider 10 Precision tri square 11 Metric threading gauge 12 Wielding and soldering accessories 13 Wielding shield 14 Wielding helmet 15 Goggle clear 16 Wielding goggle 17 Electrode holder 18 Earth clamp 19 Wielding hammer 20 Wire brush 21 Wielding and cutting touches set oxygen acetylene hoses 22 Safety helmet 23 Working and wielding gloves 24 Blowlamp with butane 25 Electrode-All sizes 26 Soldering iron (all sizes light-heavy duty) 27 Soldering lead wire (2mm) 28 Soldering lead in rod Workshop Hand Tools (Technicians) 1 Hacksaw frame 2 Hacksaw blades high speed steel Tube cutter 3 – 32mm; 3 – 16mm 3 Steel wire brush 4 Clip plier for external clip 5 Clip plier for internal clip 6 Combination of plier (160, 180mm) 7 Heavy duty diagonal cutter constructed steel cutter (800mm) 8 Universal grip plier (250mm) 9 Welding grip plier (280mm) 10 Riveting tool set 11 Engineering hammer (200g – 250g) 12 Sledge hammer 13 Rubber hammer 14 Clipping chisel (150 – 250mm) 15 Welding hammer 16 Standard ring spanners 17 Combination spanner set 18 Scrapper 19 Hand gloves 20 Centre punch set (120x12) mm 21 Chisel set 22 Flat file (150-300) mm 23 Square file (150-300) mm 24 Half round file (150-300) mm 25 Round file (150-300) mm 26 Blacksmith tong (150-300) mm 27 All steel vices (100-175) mm 28 Pipe cutter (10-60) mm; (42-10) mm 29 Anvil with two horns (100 kos) 30 Technician tool box (empty) Woodwork Equipment 1 Band saw-table size-700 x 980mm - 3hp 2 Radial arm saw 3hp (with extra blade) 3 Circular saw-blade dia-400mm with external blades 4 Universal woodworker combined-4hp seven works model 5 Single cylinder planner-4hp (surface planner with extra blades) 6 Vertical Motorize-chain motorise-3hp with extra bits 7 Router drilling machine-3hp 8 Combined tennoning and scribing machine 9 Belt sanding machine-2hp (with extra sanding paper reels) Hand Tools (Carpentry) 1 Marking gauge 2 Mortise gauge 3 B. spirit level universal 4 Motorize chisel-(6.4, 9.6, 12.7, 16) mm 5 Flat chisel-(6.4, 9.6, 12.7, 16) mm 6 Bevel edge chisel – (6.4, 9.6, 12.7, 16) mm 7 Round chisel (6.4, 9.6, 12.7, 16) mm 8 Smooth plane-jack plane, plough plane 9 Wood rasp 10 Hand saw or panel saw 11 Ripsaw, crosscut 12 C- Clamp 13 F- Clamp 14 Wood bench vice 15 Jack plane 16 Hand drilling machine/rachet brazed bits 17 Sanding machine-heavy duty 18 Surface and thickness (100-150) mm blade 19 Extra knives carpentry machine planner and thicknesser 20 Air compressor-tank capacity 500 litres complete with accessories-type spray gun and air blow-gun 21 Hydraulic garage jack (1, 2, 6 ton) 22 Hydraulic workshop crane (2.5 tones) 23 Battery tester, cell tester, acid tester 24 Battery fast and slow charger (6-24V,20Λ) 25 Battery service equipment 26 Spark plug tester and cleaner 27 Hydraulic mobile crane (1.5 – 5tons) 28 Wire rope winch- (1500 – 3000kg) 29 Chain host 30 Pedal operated grease gun 31 Hand lever grease gun 32 Exhaust gas tester 33 Standard tool box mechanics 34 Standard tool box for electricians 35 Electric hand drill 100mm 36 Electric two speed drill 23mm 37 Electric hand drill 13mm 38 Straight electric hand grinder 125mm 39 Angle electric hand grinder 230mm Machinery Maintenance Base S/No. Equipment 1 Hydraulic trolley 2 Wheel alignment gauge 3 Electrical/Electronic kit 4 Clutch alignment gauge 5 Vacuum tester 6 Battery charging equipment 7 Injector repair machine 8 Carburetor service kit 9 Hydraulic press 10 Vulcanizing set 11 Oxyacetylene equipment 12 Nozzle testing outfit 13 Tool boxes 14 Complete set of various maintenance kits Engineering Graphics and Design Studio S/No. Equipment 1 50 Computer work stations with design and graphic software from the AutoCad suite (FUSION 360, etc.), 3-D printers and accessories. 2 50 drawing boards and T-squares 3 Large screen and projector Staffing Academic Staff The NUC guidelines on staff/student ratio of 1:15 for Engineering and Technology departments shall apply. However, there should be a minimum of six full-time equivalent of Staff in the department. There is need to have a reasonable number of Staff with doctoral degrees as well as sufficient industrial experience. With a minimum load of 18 credits per semester for students and a minimum of six full-time equivalent of staff in each programme, staff should have a maximum of 15 contact hours per week for lectures, tutorials, practical and supervision of projects. Each workshop or laboratory should have adequate number of staff with the right mix, so that each unit or section in that workshop or laboratory can run efficiently. NUC requirement encourages all academic staff to have PhD degrees, hence appointment of academic staff is preferably to the Lecturer cadre. Only in exceptional cases are candidates with great promise appointed to Graduate Assistant and Assistant Lecturer positions for the purpose of being developed to the Lecturer cadre as registered PhD candidates. Academic Support Personnel Teaching Assistant/Demonstrators to help lecturers in the conduct of tutorials, practical’s and field work. This category of personnel is not expected to be regular staff as they are to be paid on the basis of approved hourly rate. Administrative Support Staff The services of the administrative support staff are indispensable in the proper administration of the departments and faculty offices. It is important to recruit very competent senior staffs that are computer literate. Technical Support Personnel The services of technical support staff, which are indispensable in the proper running of laboratories and workshop/studios are required. It is important to recruit very competent senior technical staff to maintain teaching and research equipment. They are also to undergo regular training to keep them abreast of developments in equipment operation and maintenance. The minimum of academic staff to technical staff ratio of 5:1 should be maintained. Minimum Number of Staff Subject to the general standards specified by NUC: 1. there should be a minimum of two PhDs and four M.Eng degree holders full-time academic staff to mount the programme; 2. each workshop or laboratory should have an adequate number of staff with the right mix, such that each unit or section in that workshop or laboratory can run efficiently; and 3. there should be an adequate number of administrative staff of the appropriate caliber for the office of the Head of Department to run. Library There must be adequate library facilities to cater for the interest of all the programmes in the faculty. These include current journals, handbooks, textbooks, manuals, codes of practice, standards and specifications in sufficient numbers. Classrooms, Laboratories, Workshops, Clinics and Offices The NUC recommends the following physical space requirement: Academic m2 Professor’s Office 18.50 Head of Department’s Office 18.50 Tutorial Teaching Staff Space 13.50 Other Teaching Staff Space 7.00 Technical Staff Space 7.00 Science Staff Research Laboratory 16.50 Engineering Staff Research Laboratory 14.50 Seminar Space per student 1.85 Drawing Office Space (A.O. Board) (Per Student) 4.60 Drawing Office Space (A.I. Board) (Per Student) 3.70 Laboratory Space 7.50 Non-Academic Secretarial Space 7.00 Office Facilities S/No Office No in Room Facilities 1. HOD 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit, Secretary and facilities. 2. Professor 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit, Secretary and facilities. 3. Reader 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit. 4. Senior Lecturer 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit. 5. Lecturer I 2 Table, chairs, fan, filing cabinet, bookshelves. 6. Lecturer II 3 Table, chairs, fan, filing cabinet, bookshelves

Basic concepts, definitions and laws (quantitative relations of Zeroth, first, second and third laws of thermodynamics). Properties of pure substances: the two-property rule (P-V-T behaviour of pure substances and perfect gases); state diagrams. The principle of corresponding state; compressibility relations; reduced pressure; reduced volume; temperature; pseudo-critical constants. The ideal gas: specific heat, polytropic processes. Ideal gas cycles; Carnot; thermodynamic cycles, turbines, steam and gas, refrigeration. The first law of thermodynamics – heat and work, applications to open and closed systems. The steady flow energy equation (Bernoulli’s equation) and application. Second law of thermodynamics, heat cycles and efficiencies.

Fluid properties, hydrostatics, fluid dynamics using principles of mass, momentum and energy conservation from a control volume approach. Flow measurements in pipes, dimensional analysis, and similitude, 2-dimensional flows. Hydropower systems.

Atoms, molecules, elements and compounds, and chemical reactions. Modern electronic theory of atoms. Electronic configuration, periodicity and building up of the periodic table. Hybridisation and shapes of simple molecules. Valence forces; Structure of solids. Chemical equations and stoichiometry; chemical bonding and intermolecular forces, kinetic theory of matter. Elementary thermochemistry; rates of reaction, equilibrium and thermodynamics. Acids, bases and salts. Properties of gases. Redox reactions and introduction to electrochemistry. Radioactivity.

Historical survey of the development and importance of organic chemistry; fullerenes as fourth allotrope of carbon, uses as nanotubules, nanostructures, nanochemistry. Electronic theory in organic chemistry. Isolation and purification of organic compounds; determination of structures of organic compounds including qualitative and quantitative analysis in organic chemistry; nomenclature and functional group classes of organic compounds. Introductory reaction mechanism and kinetics. Stereochemistry. The chemistry of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, ethers, amines, alkyl halides, nitriles, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and derivatives. The chemistry of selected metals and non-metals. Comparative chemistry of group IA, IIA and IVA elements. Introduction to transition metal chemistry.

Space and time; units and dimension, vectors and scalars, differentiation of vectors: displacement, velocity and acceleration; kinematics; Newton’s laws of motion (inertial frames, impulse, force and action at a distance, momentum conservation); relative motion; application of Newtonian mechanics; equations of motion; conservation principles in physics, conservative forces, conservation of linear momentum, kinetic energy and work, potential energy, system of particles, centre of mass; rotational motion; torque, vector product, moment, rotation of coordinate axes and angular momentum. Polar coordinates; conservation of angular momentum; circular motion; moments of inertia, gyroscopes and precession; gravitation: Newton’s law of gravitation, Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, gravitational potential energy, escape velocity, satellites motion and orbits.

Heat and temperature, temperature scales; gas laws; general gas equation; thermal conductivity; first Law of thermodynamics; heat, work and internal energy, reversibility; thermodynamic processes; adiabatic, isothermal, isobaric; second law of thermodynamics; heat engines and entropy, Zero’s law of thermodynamics; kinetic theory of gases; molecular collisions and mean free path; elasticity; Hooke's law, Young's shear and bulk moduli; hydrostatics; pressure, buoyancy, Archimedes' principles; Bernoullis equation and incompressible fluid flow; surface tension; adhesion, cohesion, viscosity, capillarity, drops and bubbles.

Laboratory experiments designed to reflect topics presented in courses CHM 101 and CHM 102. These include acid-base titrations, qualitative analysis, redox reactions, gravimetric analysis, data analysis and presentation.

Continuation of CHM 107. Additional laboratory experiments to include functional group analysis, quantitative analysis using volumetric methods. MTH 101: Elementary Mathematics I (Algebra and Trigonometry) (2 Units C: LH 30) Learning Outcomes At the end of the course students should be able to: 1. define and explain set, subset, union, intersection, complements, and demonstrate the use of Venn diagrams; 2. solve quadratic equations; 3. solve trigonometric functions; 4. identify various types of numbers; and 5. solve some problems using binomial theorem. Course Contents Elementary set theory, subsets, union, intersection, complements, Venn diagrams. Real numbers, integers, rational and irrational numbers. Mathematical induction, real sequences and series, theory of quadratic equations, binomial theorem, complex numbers, algebra of complex numbers, the argand diagram. De-Moiré’s theorem, nth roots of unity. Circular measure, trigonometric functions of angles of any magnitude, addition and factor formulae.