CCMAS Course Search

Introduction to basic concepts: Environment, Environmental protection, Shelter belt, Reclamation, Rehabilitation, Wetland, Soil erosion, sand dune, Reclamation, afforestation and reforestation. Purpose and importance of environmental protection. Soil erosion: causes, prevention and control techniques (tree planning, use of sustainable farming systems). Reclamation techniques for degraded mine sites, sand dune management (sand dune fixation with indigenous and exotic plant species), zone afforestation and reforestation programmes. Reclamation/Rehabilitation of wetland, shelter belt establishment and management, micro and macro climatic applications, The law and Environmental protection. Regulatory bodies and policies in environmental protection. Evaluation of effective protection practices in the country. The interface between environmental management and environmental protection.

The concept and importance of environmental standards. Steps in setting environmental standards: evaluation of the specific risk, calculation of the expected value of the occurrence of the risk, classification of possible types of damage (i) changes due to physiochemical damages, (ii) ecological damages in plants and animals, and (iii) damages to human health, establishment of an acceptable risk, in view of the expected collective benefit and the balancing process. Steps in the balancing process: (i) to establish objectives that serves the protection of life, health and environment, and allows a rational allocation of social resources, (ii) studying the possible outcomes of implementing these objectives, and (iii) considering social costs or damages, which will arise when any of the available options are not further pursued. Evaluation of environmental standards in Nigeria.

Students are expected to choose topics on issue relating to the environment. Students will be required to present a seminar on the chosen topic.

Introduction to the concept of Exposure Assessment. Purpose of designing a sound exposure assessment: (a) to assess potential health risks; differentiate between acceptable and unacceptable exposures; control unacceptable exposures; (b) determine needs and priority for health controls; (c) ensure and demonstrate compliance with governmental and other exposure guidelines; (d) establish and document historical record of exposure levels, communicate exposure monitoring results. Major steps in exposure assessment strategy. establish exposure assessment strategy; basic characterization; occupational exposure; exposure assessment; information gathering: exposure monitoring, exposure modelling, biological monitoring, epidemiological data generation; health hazard controls: engineer controls, administration control, and personal protection equipment. reassessment; communication and documentation.

Students will be exposed to first hand practical experience and application of classroom-based learning on a variety of concerns in environmental standards. At the end of the field work students will be able to demonstrate knowledge acquired from the Field Work in proffering solutions to environmental-related problems.

Atoms, molecules, elements and compounds and chemical reactions. Modern electronic theory of atoms. Electronic configuration, periodicity and building up of the periodic table. Hybridization and shapes of simple molecules. Valence Forces; Structure of solids. Chemical equations and stoichiometry; Chemical bonding and intermolecular forces, kinetic theory of matter. Elementary thermochemistry; rates of reaction, equilibrium and thermodynamics. Acids, bases and salts. Properties of gases. Redox reactions and introduction to electrochemistry. Radioactivity.

Space and time; units and dimension, vectors and scalars, differentiation of vectors: displacement, velocity and acceleration; kinematics; Newton laws of motion (Inertial frames, Impulse, force and action at a distance, momentum conservation); Relative motion; Application of Newtonian mechanics; Equations of motion; Conservation principles in physics, conservative forces, conservation of linear momentum, Kinetic energy and work, Potential energy, System of particles, Centre of mass; Rotational motion; Torque, vector product, moment, rotation of coordinate axes and angular momentum. Polar coordinates; conservation of angular momentum; Circular motion; Moments of inertia, gyroscopes and precession; Gravitation: Newton’s Law of Gravitation, Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion, Gravitational Potential Energy, Escape velocity, satellites motion and orbits.

Heat, temperature and temperature scales. Gas laws; general gas equation, thermal conductivity. First Law of thermodynamics, heat, work and internal energy. Reversibility, second law of thermodynamics, heat engines and entropy. Zero’s law of thermodynamics, kinetic theory of gases, molecular collisions and mean free path. Elasticity, Hooke's law, Young's, shear and bulk moduli. Hydrostatics, pressure, buoyancy, Archimedes' principles. Bernoulli’s equation and incompressible fluid flow. Surface tension, adhesion, cohesion, viscosity, capillarity, drops and bubbles.

Introduction to Spatial Database Management Systems. Introduction (Data, Information, File system vs DBMS, Data models, Hardware and software requirements, Database Management Systems, Database languages, Database Architecture, users and administrators, Classification of Database Management Systems. Relational Data Model (Relational model, Data Structure, Constraints, Key, Codd’s Rule, Relational Algebra, Fundamental operations, Additional operations, Extended operations Null values. SQL (SQL, Data Definition, Basic structure of SQL queries, set operations, Aggregate, Functions, Null values, Nested sub queries, Complex queries, Views, Embedded SQL, Dynamic SQL, Triggers. Database Design and Management (Design process, Entity Relationship Model, Constraints, EER, Diagrams, Atomic domain and First Normal Form, Functional Dependency, Decomposition using Functional dependencies, Normalization using Multi-Valued Dependencies and Join Dependencies, Basic concepts of file organizations, indexing and hashing, Database recovery techniques, Database Security, Handling Spatial Database. Accessing Data Using Ado.Net And Vb.Net (ADO.Net Object Model using OLE DB managed provider, Other data providers, Accessing XML data, Building Windows). GIS and the information age, Capabilities of GIS, Spatial data and their sources for GIS analysis, Raster and Vector data, Data Entry, GIS analysis and modelling data issues and problems. 400 LEVEL

Meaning of Global Warming: the long – term rise in the average temperature of the earth’s climate system as a major aspect of current climate change. Causes and effects of global warming. Possible societal responses to global warming. Regional trends. Greenhouse gasses. Relationship between global warning and climate change. Climate change: definition and meaning: climate change occurs when changes in the patterns that remains in place for an extended period of time. Causes and effects/impacts of climate. Earth’s energy budget and climate system. Climate variability. External forcing mechanisms: Greenhouse gasses; orbital variations; solar output; volcanism; plate tectonics; and cosmic rays. 200 Level