Courses with Gaps

Data analysis: linear and non-linear models; Mass balance; Species mass; Microbial and cellular growth stoichiometry; Product formation; reductase balance and yield maintenance; Energy balance; Reaction kinectics and biological systems; Chemostats; batch fermentors; Immobilized enzymes and cells; Filtration; centrifugation and chromatography

General characteristics and functions of blood. Properties and functions of plasma. Red blood cells factors involved in erythropoiesis, blood groups. White blood cells, origin, type, properties, functions, antigenicity and immunities. Platelets and hemostatic mechanisms. Reticulo-endothelial system. Clotting and fibrinolytic systems. Immunity and immunodeficiency disease and HIV.

Statutory and Local Authority requirements. Site preparation: Clearing of bushes, grubbing up roots, top vegetable soil excavation, reduced soil excavation, reduced level excavation, dewatering, extermination of termite nests. Types of engineering soils: Importance of soil investigation. Sequence of building operations. Setting out of a simple building, using builders square, 3-4-5 Method, and checking the accuracy of setting out. Classification and properties of building materials, survey of current types of materials and methods used in building construction, concrete (cement, aggregate, water), timber, plastic and steel framing systems; masonry construction; interior and exterior finishes. Students are introduced to preliminary and basic construction processes in the construction of buildings. Types of foundation (strip, pile, pad and raft), functional requirements of foundations, trenching excavation and support, types and functional requirements of floors such as solid ground floor and raised timber ground floors.

A comprehensive study of construction contracts including conditions of agreement and modifications. The students will also be introduced to related laws of agency and tort. Nature of building contracts, formation of contracts, construction contracts and rectification, conditions of contracts: standard conditions of building contracts FMW version (latest edition), JCT, FIDIC. Rights, and duties of various parties, interrelationships of the various consultants and the contractor, relationship between main contractor and nominated sub-contractors, principles of domestic sub-contracting. The right to payment at the time of completion, varied work. Contract types (lump sum, cost plus, PPP); conditions, and disadvantages, standard contract documents, articles of agreement for building contracts, general principles of tort, tort affecting land and negligence, nuisance, trespass, strict liability, liability for animals. Meaning of arbitration and its contrast with other legal proceedings, basic ingredients of agreement to submit to arbitration Vis a Vis conditions of contract, Arbitration decree 1988 (and previous Acts), Arbitration as it relates to construction industry disputes, appointment and duties of arbitrator/umpire/referee: multi-door court houses, arbitration proceedings: procedure prior to hearing. Hearing – preparation of cases, award, costs/fees, evidences, valuation, point of claim and defence, other particulars.

Information Management fundamentals; information management systems. Data flow modelling. Knowledge management: Definition & properties of knowledge, classification of knowledge, IT infrastructure for KM. BIM Concepts: Definition; Benefits; 3D Modelling, Virtual design/construction; surface and solid models; BIM Applications: Design, Construction and Management phases of projects; BIM Technologies; CAD, Object CAD, Parametric building modelling; BIM software; Vendors/products (Navis Works, Google Sketch-up, Bentley, Autodesk, Vico, Tekla), origins and capabilities. BIM and Sustainability; BIM Implementation and Integrated Project Delivery, Developments in Robotics, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence. Students are required to use the BIM platform to produce the Builder’s documents and all other documentation produced in the Integrated Studio Work Course.

This course is a continuation of Building Information Modelling and Robotics I. It deals with construction automation and digital construction. Here students are exposed to the knowledge of both hardware and software for automation and digital construction. Students are also challenged to understand or develop software or add-ons for digital constructions including emergent issues and advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence in construction. Minimum Academic Standards Equipment Wood/Timber Workshop Equipment 1. Woodworking machinery (all-purpose) 2. Wood making hand tools 3. Protective cover equipment 4. Circular saw 5. Drilling machine 6. Lathe machine 7. Electric blower 8. Portable bracing machine 9. Dimension bench 10. Finishers 11. Portable cross out saw Building Services Workshop Equipment 1. Welding apparatus 2. Electric blower 3. Hand drill 4. Electric heater 5. Soldering kit/apparatus 6. Acetylene regulator 7. Spark lighter 8. Lead pot 9. Sanitary appliances and fittings 10. Water heater 11. Pipe cutter 12. Portable copper tube bending 13. Bench pipe vice 14. Cylinders 15. Forging machine 16. Plumbing and drainage pipe and fittings (assorted) 17. Sets of tool boxes Instructional modules While flexibility is allowed in the depth of the body of knowledge in the Building programme it is essential that all programmes will ensure that students are conversant with the following major aspects of building: 1. Building Construction Technology/Materials 2. Building Maintenance/Facilities Management 3. Building Services 4. Building Structures 5. Construction Management Staffing The personnel requirements for the programmes should reflect student population and the variety of activities to be performed in the classrooms, studios, laboratories and workshops. The ratios should conform to the NUC minimum guidelines on staff/student ratio of 1:15 for the programme. Academic Staff The point of entry for each of the recognized academic positions should reflect appropriate academic qualifications, and experience in both teaching and professional practice. Details of the requirements for the various positions are indicated below: Academic Support Personnel Teaching Assistant/Demonstrators are recommended to assist lecturers in the conduct of tutorials, practicals and fieldwork. Administrative Support Personnel The services of the administrative support staff are indispensable in the proper administration of the departments and faculty offices. These will normally include confidential secretaries, clerical officers, typists, messengers and cleaners. It is important to recruit very competent senior personnel who are technology savvy. Technical Support Personnel The technical support personnel shall consist of technical officers and technologists. It is important to recruit very competent senior technical staff to maintain teaching and research equipment. Considering the technological bias of Building education, availability of adequate technical staff is crucial. The specialisation of the technical staff may vary depending on the situation of the particular department. Departments that exist within institutions or faculties where technical staff from Engineering and Natural and Physical sciences can make input need not recruit technical staff in all specialisation required in Building programmes. The table below is a suggestion of staffing levels for technical support in the Building programme. Appropriate cadre of technical staff should be provided based on the NUC prescribed ratios for the following areas: 1. Structures/Concrete Laboratory 2. Services Laboratory 3. Technical Drawing Room and Workshops. Library and Information Resources In addition to the library resources at the University central library, the programme should be provided with fully equipped library and information technology centre with minimum of 5 computers, Internet connectivity, 5 reference books, 5 periodicals, 5 Journals for each of the areas of specialisation in the programme and audio-visual materials. The computers should be fully connected to the e-library section of the University central library having e-books and e- journals in all areas of specialisation of the programme. Classroom, Laboratories, Clinics, Workshops and Offices spaces For the good administration of each programme, adequate facilities should be provided for the office of the Dean and for each of the departments. The required minimum standards for each of the programmes are reflected in the relevant sections for each programme. Spaces will normally include: Office Accommodation 1. Classroom Space 2. Studio Space 3. Seminar Rooms 4. Drawing Offices 5. Workshop Spaces 6. Library In the case of the Office of the Head of Department, office accommodation should be provided as follows: Head of Department’s Space 1. Examination Officer 2. Secretary to the Head of Department 3. Administrative Secretariat 4. General Office 5. Conference Room Space Use (m²) 1. Professors Office Academic 24 2. Head of Department Administration 24 3. Senior Lecturer Academic 20 4. Lecturer Academic 16 5. Assistant Lecturer Academic 12 6. Senior Technical Staff Technical 12 7. Senior Administrative Staff Administration 12 8. Junior Technical Staff Technical 10 9. Junior Administrative Staff Administration 10 10. Studio Space Students 30 11. Lecture Space Students 75 12. Seminar Space Students 30 13. Laboratory Space Students 30 14. Library Students 35 Space Use (m²) 15. Social Space Students 40 16. Storage Space Students 30 Centralized Laboratory and Technical Facilities Certain laboratories and technical facilities are common to many of the programmes. It is therefore strongly recommended that such laboratories and facilities be established centrally in each faculty/college which will include: 1. Computer Laboratory 2. Library/Resource Centre 3. Soil Science Laboratory 4. Materials Laboratory 5. Building Physics Laboratory 6. Reprographics Centre 7. Workshops Computer Laboratory The computer lab is a classroom designed to teach about and with computers. The primary considerations in its design size and location should be; ease of use, security and reliability. Appropriate hardware and software to meet the general student needs in the environmental sciences need to be provided. Equipment: Listed below are equipment required for the programme: 1. Work stations at the minimum ratio of 1computer to every 4 full time equivalent students with Autodesk and relevant software programmes. 2. Management Station: a set of control work stations to control access and usage of the work stations 3. Server(s) 4. Switch 5. UPS systems/power backup 6. Power voltage regulators/stabilizers 7. Air conditioning 8. Internet connectivity Soil Science Laboratory The soil science laboratory will normally be equipped to carry out soil sampling and classification tests, soil analysis and soil moisture, permeability and bearing capacity tests. This range of tests will normally guide the range and type of equipment required. Listed below is a sample list of such equipment. Materials Testing Laboratory The materials testing lab should be equipped to carry out experiments and tests on a wide range of materials including concrete, soils, asphalt, bitumen, and aggregates. Mechanical testing equipment 1. Universal testing machine 2. Impact testing machine 3. Vickers hardness testers 4. Notching machines 5. Hydraulic test pump 6. Extensometer 7. Digital thermometers Metallographic Testing Equipment 1. Shadowgraph checking machine 2. Metallurgical microscope with image analyser Chemical Analysis 1. Carbon sulphur determinator 2. Atomic absorption spectrometer 3. Vacuum spectrometer 4. Weighing machines 5. Muffle furnace 6. Glass thermometer 7. Oven 8. Ammeter 9. Pressure gauges 10. Proving rings Building Physics Laboratory The building science lab enables multi scale experiments and studies ranging from urban scale to the micro environment. The range of equipment required include field studies equipment (usually hand-held) and controlled environment equipment. Field Studies Equipment 1. Infrared thermometers 2. Environmental data loggers 3. Heist flux sensors/meters 4. Flow meters 5. Tracer gas systems 6. Watt hour meters 7. Thermometers/digital, thermocouple 8. Anemometers 9. Humidity meters 10. Air quality meters 11. Sound meters 12. Portable weather stations 13. Heliodors Controlled Environment Equipment 1. Sky simulator 2. Boundary layer wind tunnel 3. Controlled environment chamber Reprographics Centre 1. Heavy duty photocopiers 2. Heavy duty batch scanners 3. DV cameras 4. SLR cameras 5. A3 colour printers 6. A3 scanners 7. Large format (A0) plotters 8. Large format (A0) scanners Workshops The following workshop spaces are required. The workshops may also be used for displays of different materials building systems: 1. Carpentry and joinery/furniture 2. Masonry and concrete work 3. Simple electrical wiring 4. Plumbing and drainage 5. Model making 6. Painting and decorating 7. Mechanical shop and welding Office Space Office accommodation for academic, non-academic staff and students per capital should be based on the guidelines set out in section 4 of this Core Curriculum and Basic Minimum Standards: Classroom Space A minimum of two classroom spaces will be required for the undergraduate programme in building. This provision assumes six hours of contact per day for each year of study. Studio Space A studio space is recommended for each year of study above the first year. Seminar Space A seminar room/hall is a critical ancillary space and is recommended for each Building programme. Laboratory Spaces At least 4 laboratory spaces with adequate capacity for enrolled students at any given time are required in a department of Building: Workshop Spaces The following workshop spaces are required. The workshops may also be used for displays of different materials building systems: Carpentry and joinery/furniture 1. Masonry and concrete work 2. Simple electrical wiring 3. Plumbing and drainage 4. Model making 5. Painting and decorating 6. Mechanical shop and welding 7. Drawing office equipment:  T-Squares and drawing tables  Enlargement and reducing machine  Guillotine  Photocopier  Duplicating machine  Slide projector  Scanner  Typewriters Construction Equipment: 1. Concrete Mixers (1 small and 1 large) 2. Dumper 3. Pokervibrator 4. Crane 5. Rammer Surveying Equipment 1. Theodolites 2. Quick set levels 3. Chains 4. Tapes 5. Ranging rods 6. Distance measure tapes 7. Total station 8. GPS B.Sc. / B. Tech. Clothing and Textile Design

The course deals with the management aspects of building maintenance. Maintenance cycles for different types of buildings. Standards expected of buildings-deviations, spot items. Planning maintenance-resources required. Organization of maintenance departments. Building maintenance problems and their solutions. Foundations, leakages, water proofing, cladding, among others. Preparation of schedule of conditions and dilapidations. Maintenance audit and specifications. Statutory requirements for building maintenance, maintainability analysis of designs, programming, executive appraisal, policy guidelines.

Developmental milestones in cardiovascular and respiratory physiology. Cardiopulmonary function in the fetus and in old age. Cardiopulmonary responses at rest and in moderate to severe stress conditions. Pathophysiology of hypertension, obstructive and restrictive lung diseases. Principles of servomechanism as applied to cardiopulmonary physiology. Aviation, space and deep-sea physiology.

Pain and Analgesics. Narcotic analgesics opioid system. Receptors, endogenous ligands, signal transduction pathways, role in pain. Concept of opioid-induced tolerance, physical dependence, addiction and pseudo-addiction. Basic pharmacology of narcotic analgesics (morphine, pethidine, methadone and congeners), narcotic antagonists, full and partial antagonists (nalorphine, levallorphan, naloxone). Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Role of cyclo-oxygenase and prostaglandins in aetiology of inflammation, pain and fever, role of prostaglandins in homeostatic regulation of gastric function, kidney function, vasoconstriction and platelet activation. Basic pharmacology of NSAIDs (aspirin and salicylates, traditional NSAIDs, COX-2 inhibitors, acetaminophen). Rationale behind unique indication for low-dose aspirin as prophylactic treatment in development of CV disease. Pharmacokinetics of aspirin and the mechanism that lead to the development of salicylate toxicity. Mechanism underlying acetaminophen poisoning and its treatment. Epilepsy and Antiepileptic Drugs. Different types of seizures. Seizure types as determinants of specific antiepileptic drugs used in management. Spectrum of action of most commonly used drugs. Selection process of an epileptic drug for a given seizure type, based on its mechanism of action efficacy, clinical pharmacokinetics (ease of use), drug-drug interaction potential, tolerability (common side effects), serious toxicity (idiosyncratic reactions). Role of co-morbidities in the selection of an epileptic drug. Antidepressants Primary sites of action of the different classes of antidepressants, Tricyclic antidepressants, TCAs, (imipramine, amitriptyline, clomipramine, desipramine, doxepin). Selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs, (citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline), Noradrenaline/serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SNRIs, (Venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine, nefazodone), monoamine oxidase inhibitors, MAOIs, (Irreversible, phenelzine, tranylcypromine and selegiline and reversible such as moclobemide). Adverse side effects of the different classes with respect to use in certain population (elderly, pregnancy), Pharmacological sites of actions that contribute to the acute or chronic side effects of these drugs. Proposed mechanism underlying the delayed therapeutic effects. Considerations in using irreversible MAOIs, their potential adverse effects and the important considerations in switching between MAOIs and SSRIs or other antidepressants. Antipsychotic drugs, the four well-defined dopamine systems in the brain as they relate to antipsychotic drug action and side effects. Distinction between the typical (chlorpromazine, haloperidol) and atypical antipsychotics (risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, aripiprazole, paliperidone); difference in mechanism of action between the typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics and the partial agonist, aripiprazole, common and rare side effects associated with use of both low potency and high potency antipsychotics as well as the second-generation antipsychotics. Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs used in treating anxiety and sleep disorders. Sleep and wakefulness. Structural aspects of GABAA receptor and the receptor. components (binding sites) mediating 232 the effects of drugs that modulate GABAA receptor activity. Differences between benzodiazepines with respect to time of onset, potency, metabolism and elimination half-lives. Similarities and differences between the benzodiazepines and the barbiturates in producing sedative-hypnotic effects. Factors to consider in choosing the most appropriate drug for specific clinical situations and/or individuals. Characteristics of benzodiazepines and other sedative-hypnotics that contribute to different degrees of abuse liability and withdrawal symptoms. Target sites or putative mechanisms of non-benzodiazepine drugs that can be used to treat sleep disorders, Barbiturates, bromides, cyclic ethers, paraldehyde, carbamic acid esters (meprobamate), chloral derivatives (chloral hydrate) piperazine dienes (glutethimide, methyprylon) alcohols. Target sites of action for SSRIs and strategy for using SSRIs in combination with benzodiazepines in the treatment of anxiety. Bipolar affective disorder and drugs used in management. Target sites of action for lithium, its pharmacokinetics, adverse effects and considerations in its use. Sites of action, adverse effects and considerations in using anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, lamotrigine, valproate) and the atypical antipsychotics (aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, ziprasidone) to treat bipolar disorder. Potential risks of birth defects with use of lithium, valproate, carbamazepine and lamotrigine in pregnant women. Parkinson’s disease and drugs used in management. Pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease and its presentation; functional circuitry of the nigrostriatal system. Major classes of drugs used in management and the timeline for their use, indications, mechanism of action, adverse effects and contraindications. Types and mechanisms of alternative treatments. Local Anaesthetics. Mechanism by which local anaesthetics block nerve conduction, how their physiochemical properties (esters and amides) influence their pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. The side effects that may occur with their use and why they occur. Unique characteristics and the common clinical use for each prototypical local anaesthetic. Common uses with emphasis on spinal and epidural anaesthesia, commonly caused severe complications of their use. General anaesthetics. Definition of general anaesthesia and how it is achieved, stages of anaesthesia. Pharmacokinetics of inhalational anaesthetics. Blood, gas coefficient, ventilation rate and pulmonary blood flow influence on the onset (and termination) of action of inhalational anaesthetics, influence of tissue blood flow on the tension of anaesthetic gas in that tissue, definition of minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) and what information it provides on a volatile anaesthetic. Pharmacokinetic properties of the ultra-short-acting hypnotics and how they make this class of drugs popular general anaesthetic drugs. Advantages and disadvantages of clinically used inhaled and intravenously administered general anaesthetics, when they should be used, their contraindications. Concept that inhalational and intravenous anaesthetics cause varying degrees of respiratory depression with exception of ketamine. Use of anaesthetics in persons already taking drugs such as neuromuscular blocking drugs and CNS stimulants.

Rate expressions for chemical reactions law of mass action. Constant volume reversible, irreversible, parallel and consecutive reactions. Reaction order and its determination. Variable volume reactions Arrhenius equation and activation energy. The theories of reaction rates, especially the collision theory and theory of absolute reaction rates. Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic reactions and their kinetics. Kinetics of electrochemical processes. Equilibria in ionic solutions.