Courses with Gaps

Review of matrix algebra. Theory and propagation of errors. Principles and methods of survey network adjustment. Non-least squares adjustment methods like Bowditch, transit, equal shift and unaltered bearing adjustment methods. Braced quadrilateral and centered polygon adjustment. Linear and nonlinear models, Linearization. Methods of solving systems of linear equations: Direct (ad joint, crammer, elimination/substitution, bordering, Cholesky) methods and indirect or iterative (Jacobi, Gauss-Siedel, SOR) methods. Introduction to least squares adjustment.

Nature of universe and solar, stellar and satellite systems. The motion of planets, Normal orbit, Kepler’s laws and perturbed orbit of satellite. The motion and the relationship of the earth and the sun/star. Stars constellations, magnitude and distance of sun/star from the earth. Solution of astronomical triangle. Celestial coordinate system. Time system, Star catalogues and charts. Uses of stars almanac. Solar and stellar observations. Processing of observations for the determination of azimuth.

Review of methodologies in Surveying and Geoinformatics. Techniques in research methods. Identification of research problems, review of related literature and justification for the research. Description of data source, acquisition, quality and presentation of data, processing of data. Presentation and analysis of results, research findings, conclusions, recommendations and research contributions to knowledge. Rreferences and appendices.