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Cardiovascular system. Skin, gland of the skin. Structure of the nails and hair. Respiratory system. Digestive system. Neurological system. Musculo-skeletal system. Urinary and genital systems. Electron micrograph studies of each organ.

Cardiovascular system. Hypertension. Atherosclerosis. Ischaemic heart disease. Hypertensive heart disease. Valvular heart disease. Heart failure. Cardiomyopathies. Congenital heart disease. Pericarditis. Cardiac tumours. Lymphoreticular system. Acute and chronic lymphadenitis. Lymphoid hyperplasia. Lymphomas. Hyperimmune. Malaria. Splenomegaly syndrome. Other causes of splenomegaly. Respiratory System. COLDs. Restrictive lung disease (pneumoconiosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis). Tuberculosis. Pneumonia. Respiratory distress syndromes (neonatal/adult). Pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary hypertension. Respiratory failure. Lung tumours. Upper respiratory infections (common cold, pharyngitis, croup, epiglottitis, otitis media). Childhood 218 malignancies. Retinoblastoma. Neuroblastoma. Nephroblastoma. Medulloblastoma, Burkitt’s lymphoma. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. GIT system. Oral cancer. Dental caries. Sialoadenitis. Salivary gland tumours. Tracheo-oesophageal fistula. Achalasia cardia. Hiatus Hernia. Oesophagitis. Oesophageal cancer. Gastritis. Peptic ulcer. Hypertrophic gastropathy. Gastric cancer. Malabsorption. Inflammatory bowel disease. Hirschprung disease. Appendicitis. Intestinal polyps. Colorectal cancer. Hepatobiliary/Pancreas. Hepatitis, yellow fever. Lassa fever. Alcoholic liver disease. Metabolic liver disease. Cirrhosis. Liver tumours. Primary biliary cirrhosis. Sclerosing cholangitis. Cholelithiasis. Cholecystitis. Pancreatitis. Pancreatic tumours. Endocrine System. Diabetes mellitus. Islet tumours of the pancreas. Hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism. Thyroiditis. Thyroid tumours. Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). Pituitary and adrenal disorders.

Cardiovascular system. Hypertension. Atherosclerosis. Ischaemic heart disease. Hypertensive heart disease. Valvular heart disease. Heart failure. Cardiomyopathies. Congenital heart disease. Pericarditis. Cardiac tumours. Lymphoreticular system. Acute and chronic lymphadenitis. Lymphoid hyperplasia. Lymphomas. Hyperimmune. Malaria. Splenomegaly syndrome. Other causes of splenomegaly. Respiratory System. COLDs. Restrictive lung disease (pneumoconiosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis). Tuberculosis. Pneumonia. Respiratory distress syndromes (neonatal/adult). Pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary hypertension. Respiratory failure. Lung tumours. Upper respiratory infections (common cold, pharyngitis, croup, epiglottitis, otitis media). Childhood malignancies. Retinoblastoma. Neuroblastoma. Nephroblastoma. Medulloblastoma, Burkitt’s 86 lymphoma. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. GIT system. Oral cancer. Dental caries. Sialoadenitis. Salivary gland tumours. Tracheo-oesophageal fistula. Achalasia cardia. Hiatus Hernia. Oesophagitis. Oesophageal cancer. Gastritis. Peptic ulcer. Hypertrophic gastropathy. Gastric cancer. Malabsorption. Inflammatory bowel disease. Hirschprung disease. Appendicitis. Intestinal polyps. Colorectal cancer. Hepatobiliary/Pancreas. Hepatitis, yellow fever. Lassa fever. Alcoholic liver disease. Metabolic liver disease. Cirrhosis. Liver tumours. Primary biliary cirrhosis. Sclerosing cholangitis. Cholelithiasis. Cholecystitis. Pancreatitis. Pancreatic tumours. Endocrine System. Diabetes mellitus. Islet tumours of the pancreas. Hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism. Thyroiditis. Thyroid tumours. Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). Pituitary and adrenal disorders.

Male genitalia. Congenital anomalies (epispadias, phimosis, posterior urethral valve), cryptorchidism, orchitis, ambiguous genitalia, testicular tumours, BPH, prostate cancer. Female genitalia. Congenital anomalies (abnormalities of Mullerian duct fusion), PID, vulval dystrophy, vulva/vaginal cancer, CIN, cervical cancer, endometriosis, endometritis, endometrial hyperplasia, uterine tumours, ovarian cysts, ovarian tumours, pre-eclampsia, ectopic pregnancy, gestational trophoblastic diseases. Breast, inflammatory disorders (acute mastitis, mammary duct ectasia, fat necrosis, granulomatous mastitis), benign epithelial lesions (fibrocystic change, proliferative breast disease), gynaecomastia, breast tumours. Urinary system, renal cysts, glomerulonephritis, tubulo-interstitial nephritides, obstructive uropathy, nephropathy associated with malaria and other infections and infestations. 230 thrombotic microangiopathies, congenital anomalies, renal tumours, cystitis, bladder cancer. Musculoskeletal system, fractures, rickets/osteomalacia, osteoporosis, genetic bone disorders, osteomyelitis, bone tumours, pagets disease, arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, septic arthritis, seronegative arthritis, gout and other crystal arthropathies). Central nervous system, raised intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus, congenital anomalies, stroke, head injuries, intracranial haemorrhage, meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess, demyelinating disorders, neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s chorea), spongiform encephalopathies, CNS tumours, skin, acute and chronic dermatoses, bullous diseases, verrucae, common skin infections, non-melanoma skin cancers (squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and Kaposi sarcoma), melanoma.

Male genitalia. Congenital anomalies (epispadias, phimosis, posterior urethral valve), cryptorchidism, orchitis, ambiguous genitalia, testicular tumours, BPH, prostate cancer. Female genitalia. Congenital anomalies (abnormalities of Mullerian duct fusion), PID, vulval dystrophy, vulva/vaginal cancer, CIN, cervical cancer, endometriosis, endometritis, endometrial hyperplasia, uterine tumours, ovarian cysts, ovarian tumours, pre-eclampsia, ectopic pregnancy, gestational trophoblastic diseases. Breast, inflammatory disorders (acute mastitis, mammary duct ectasia, fat necrosis, granulomatous mastitis), benign epithelial lesions (fibrocystic change, proliferative breast disease), gynaecomastia, breast tumours. Urinary system, renal cysts, glomerulonephritis, tubulo-interstitial nephritides, obstructive uropathy, nephropathy associated with malaria and other infections and infestations. thrombotic microangiopathies, congenital anomalies, renal tumours, cystitis, bladder cancer. Musculoskeletal system, fractures, rickets/osteomalacia, osteoporosis, genetic bone disorders, osteomyelitis, bone tumours, paget’s disease, arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, septic arthritis, seronegative arthritis, gout and other crystal arthropathies). Central nervous system, raised intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus, congenital anomalies, stroke, head injuries, intracranial haemorrhage, meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess, demyelinating disorders, neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s chorea), spongiform encephalopathies, CNS tumours, skin, acute and chronic dermatoses, bullous diseases, verrucae, common skin infections, non-melanoma skin cancers (squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and Kaposi sarcoma), melanoma.

Overall plan and functions of the C.V.S. Physiologic anatomy of the heart. Mechanical events of cardiac cycle, cardiac output and its estimation. E.C.G. The Vascular system. Cross sectional area of different vascular groups, systolic, diastolic, pulse and mean pressures, exchange of fluids across the capillaries, venous and central venous pressures. Integration of C.V.S functions, central control centres, regulation of systemic blood pressure. Cardio-vascular adaptations in health and disease. Circulation through special areas. Vascular endothelium in cardiovascular control.

Overall plan and functions of the C.V.S. Physiologic anatomy of the heart. Mechanical events of cardiac cycle, cardiac output and its estimation. E.C.G. The Vascular system. Cross sectional area of different vascular groups, systolic, diastolic, pulse and mean pressures, exchange of fluids across the capillaries, venous and central venous pressures. Integration of C.V.S functions, central control centres, regulation of systemic blood pressure. Cardio-vascular adaptations in health and disease. Circulation through special areas. Vascular endothelium in cardiovascular control.

Principles of occlusion and articulation in fixed prosthodontic practice. Complex cavities and restoration techniques. The fixed partial denture. The post and core restoration. Resin-bonded bridges and fibre reinforced resin-bonded bridges. Managing the patient with deranged occlusion. Basic implantology.

Treatment planning. Case selection, and prognostication in endodontic therapy, including management of related conditions. Review of clerkship with emphasis on clerking in the conservative clinic. Endodontic periodontal relationships. Pulp capping. Basic principles of endodontics. Patient assessment. Diagnosis and treatment planning in endodontics. Root canal therapy, considerations and rationale, management of traumatic dental injuries management of discoloured teeth.

Clinical teaching for tutorials and seminar and emergency teaching based on the principle of courses outlined in PSY 601 to 603 above. Emphasis on the must know desired competencies and common psychiatric disorders.