Computer-Aided Design of Biomedical Systems

Students should be able to: 1. apply the computer to generate a graphical representation of the human body; 2. use the medium of drawing in engineering communications; 3. describe the general principles involved in the use of engineering drawing; 4. demonstrate skills in computer-aided draughting to produce detailed 2D and 3Ddrawings; 5. design biomedical engineering products using CAD tools, with engineering drawings as the medium of effective communication; 6. demonstrate skills in interpreting and producing engineering drawing accurately and efficiently; and 7. comprehend the applications of CAD in medical imaging, diagnosis of diseases, etc.

Computer Aided Design (CAD): Introduction; basic principles of CAD; CAD hardware and software; the drawing tools; design management; introduction to 3-dimensional (3-D) design; 3D modeling; the printing and plotting process. Design of biomedical systems: Use of CAD in the design of medical equipment. Practical applications - Biomedical applications of CAD: applications in medical imaging; applications in medical diagnosis of various diseases e.g. lung diseases, breast cancer, stroke, sleep disorder, epilepsy, liver cancer, microcalcifications, and artery disease. Minimum Academic Standards Equipment The professional skills necessary to practise biomedical engineering can be acquired first and foremost from the training using institutional facilities designed and equipped to stimulate the practice of the profession. It should, therefore, be adequate in quality and quantity.The number of laboratories each department has will depend on the number of biomedical engineering specialty options offered. As an example: 1. A-one- option department is expected to have one standard multi-specialty workshop and one standard inter-disciplinary laboratory. 2. A two- option department is expected to have one standard multi-specialty workshop and two standard specialty laboratories (reflecting the two options). 3. A three- option department is expected to have one standard multi-specialty workshop and three standard specialty laboratories (reflecting the three options). List of Workshops/Laboratories/Equipment/Instruments/Tools General Biomedical Engineering Workshop 1. Lathe machine; 2. Hand tools; 3. Drilling machine; 4. Hand machine; 5. Grinding machine; 6. Folding machine; 7. Work tables and table vices; 8. Standard toolbox for mechanics, electricians and biomedics; 9. Gas and arc welding machines and accessories, and casting facilities; 10. Saw: hack, radial, circular, panel, rip - blade diametre- 400mm with external blades; 11. Marking gauge; 12. Chisel: dicferent sets; 13. Clamp: C-, F- etc; 14. Extra knives carpentry machine planner and thicknesser; 15. Air compressor – for spraying; tank capacity 500 litres complete with accessories - type spray gun and air blow-gun; 16. Battery: tester, charger and service equipment Bioengineering/Biotechnology Laboratory Bioinstrumentation Unit 1. CFX96 real-time PCR; 2. Protein/nucleic acid electrophoresis system; 3. UV/VIS spectrophotometre with nanovette; 4. Differential scanning calorimetre (DSC); 5. Semi-dry blotting system with power supply; 6. Impedance aAnalyseAnalyser system with PC; 7. Wet blotting system; 8. Molecular imager; 9. Analog/digital multimetre; 10. Signal generator; 11. Multiple input oscilloscopes; and 12. Relevant analysis software and hardware Biorheology Unit 1. Spectrophotometre; 2. Turbid, pH metre; 3. Conductivity metre, colourimetre; 4. Digital rotary, viscometre, thermogravimetric aAnalyseAnalyser; 5. Digital thermometre (-50 - 1000°C) with asphalt needle probe 3 comm long; 6. Ion chromatograph equipment; 7. Solid/liquid extraction unit (complete); 8. Filtration unit with plate and frame filter unit Ffuid bed dryer, digital; 9. Film and dropwise equipment; 10. Fractional distillation column; 11. Laboratory scale spray dryer; 12. Distillation column (computer interfaced distillation column); 13. Water bath; 14. Autoclave; and 15. Centrifuge. Biomedical Informatics Laboratory Digital Unit 1. Digital oscilloscope; 2. Logical circuit EX board A, B; 3. Logic tutor EX board; 4. Basic electrical and electronic application EX board B; 5. Digital system; 6. Project board; and 7. Digital data formatting Computer Networks Unit 1. TCP/IP trainer kit; 2. Licensed software, e.g., OPNET, NS2, assembler, multiSim MATLAB and so on; 3. Networking accessories, e.g., UTP cable, socket, splitter, patch panels, reuters/switches; and 4. Database management software (MySQL) Software Development Unit 1. Sufficient number of desktop computers with appropriately licensed software packages installed in them. Modeling and Simulation Laboratory 1. High-Performance Server 2. Workstations 3. Software licenses-fluent, comsol, etc 4. Routers 5. Switches 6. Servers 7. Large format printer Computer-Aided Design Unit 1. Computation tool on finite elements such as CATIA; NASTRAN; ABAQUS; IDEAS; 2. MATLAB; ANSYS, PDMS; 3. Workstations (at least one (1) workstation to five (5) students); 4. Printer; 5. Multimedia facilities; 6. Most importantly, the laboratory is expected to install software packages such as AutoCAD for drawing and other specialised packages for virtual laboratory. Computer-Aided Manufacture 1. CNC machines (lathe, milling, drilling, etc) Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory Bioinstrumentation Unit Equipment 1. CFX96 real-time PCR; 2. Protein electrophoresis system; 3. UV/VIS spectrophotometre with nanovette; 4. Nucleic acids electrophoresis system; 5. Differential scanning calorimetre (DSC); 6. Wet/semi-dry blotting system with power supply; 7. Impedance Analyseanalyser system with PC; 8. Impedance Analyseanalyser system with PC; 9. CO2 incubator; 10. Molecular imager; 11. Analog/digital voltmetre; 12. Signal generator; 13. Multiple input oscilloscopes; and 14. Relevant analysis software and hardware. Clinical Engineering/Medical Engineering/Dental Engineering Instrumentation Laboratory 1. Control and instrumentation principles(FULL KIT); 2. Analogue andand digital control board; 3. Transducers kit: electromechanical, heat, light, etc; 4. Measurement equipment; 5. Precision Modular Servo Control System; 6. Input/Output Potentiometre Unit; 7. Operational Amplifier Unit; 8. Power supply unit; 9. Function/signal generators; 10. Software upgrade to MATLAB 7.XX; 11. Nl: cable assembly, interface card; 12. PID unit; 13. Wattmetre; 14. Transfer function analyser; 15. Logic probe /pulser; 16. Resistance /capacitance box Control Laboratory 1. Process control simulation apparatus 2. Pressure control apparatus Digital Unit 1. Digital logic analyser 2. Smart logic design experimental kit 3. Digital logic circuit design experiment kit microcomputer trainer 4. AM/FM transmitters and receivers system trainer 5. Programmable logic controller system trainer 6. Analog/digital storage colour display 2/4-channel oscilloscope 7. Arbitrary waveform and Digital Synthesized function Generator 8. Digital spectrum Analyseanalyser (9kHz -3GHz) 9. Instrumentation trainer using transducers complete set 10. Analog/digital communication system trainer 11. Electrical and electronic system trainer 12. Power electronic training system 13. Training kit universal EPROM programmable (48 pins) 14. Bench digital multi-metre digit (various digit ranges) 15. Advanced frequency modulation and demodulation train 16. Decade box: resistance, capacitance, inductance 17. Photo/contact tachometre 18. Portable DC potentiometre 19. PCB Fabrication equipment complete set Fluid Mechanics Unit 1. Manometres 2. Apparatus for hydrostatic forces on plane and curved surfaces 3. Forced vortex apparatus 4. Stability of floating bodies 5. Hydraulic test benches 6. Apparatus for head losses in pipe fittings 7. Apparatus for the flow of fluid around bodies 8. Hydraulic power circuitory and measurement units 9. Centrifugal pump system 10. Calibration and performance of flow measurement devices Neural, Regeneration, and Rehabilitation Engineering Biomechanics Unit 1. Cleve lab virtual instruments 2. Human arm model with angle sensors 3. Gonoimetre(probe + velero straps) 4. Conductivity sensor and dissolved oxygen 5. Respiration rate sensors 6. Bicycle ergometre Tissue and Regeneration Medicine Unit Equipment (Cell Culture Lab) 1. Biosafety (laminar flow hoods) cabinet Type All with stands 2. Incubators 3. Inverted microscopes with digital cameras and PC + cell counting sets 4. Orbital shaker, vortexer, water baths, pH metre, micropipettes, balance 5. Nano ure water system, autoclave liquid N2 storage, microplate reader, and - 80 freezer 6. Protein eectrophoresis system 7. Nucleic acids electrophoresis system 8. Cryotome 9. Lab fluoroscopic imaging microscopes 10. Support equipment employed in cell culture and Analysis Pharmaceutical Engineering 1. Automated biochemical Analyseanalyser 2. Automated cell counter 3. Cell harvesting system 4. Gel electrophoresis instrument 5. Flow cytometry 6. Gas chromatograph mass spectrometre / GC MS instrument PCR Technology 1. DNA thermal cycler / PCR instrument 2. Gradient PCR machine 3. PCR workstation / PCR cabinet 4. PH transmitter 5. Pharmaceutical tablet testing equipment 6. Disintegration tester /disintegration apparatus 7. Dissolution media preparation system 8. Dissolution sampler/issolution sampling system 9. Electrophysiology equipment 10. Portable laboratory equipment/field testing equipment 11. Handheld XRF Analyseanalyser 12. Portable balances. Staffing Academic Staff The NUC guidelines on staff/student ratio of 1:15 for Engineering and Technology departments shall apply. However, there should be a minimum of six full-time equivalent of Staff in the department. There is need to have a reasonable number of Staff with doctoral degrees as well as sufficient industrial experience. With a minimum load of 15 Units per semester for students and a minimum of six full-time equivalent of staff in each programme, staff should have a maximum of 15 contact hours per week for lectures, tutorials, practicals and supervision of projects. NUC requirement encourages all academic staff to have PhD degrees, hence appointment of academic staff is preferably to the Lecturer cadre. Only in exceptional cases are candidates with great promise appointed to Graduate Assistant and Assistant Lecturer positions for the purpose of being developed to the Lecturer cadre as registered PhD candidates. Academic Support Personnel Teaching Assistant/Demonstrators to help lecturers in the conduct of tutorials, practicals and field work. This category of personnel is not expected to be regular staff as they are to be paid on the basis of approved hourly rate. Administrative Support Staff The services of the administrative support staff are indispensable in the proper administration of the departments and faculty offices. It is important to recruit very competent senior staff that are computer literate. Technical Support Personnel The services of technical support staff, which are indispensable in the proper running of laboratories and workshop/studios are required. It is important to recruit very competent senior technical staff to maintain teaching and research equipment. They are also to undergo regular training to keep them abreast of developments in equipment operation and maintenance. The minimum of academic staff to technical staff ratio of 5:1 should be maintained. Minimum Number of Staff Subject to the general standards specified by NUC: 1. there should be a minimum of two PhDs and four M.Eng degree holders full-time academic staff to mount the programme; 2. each workshop or laboratory should have an adequate number of staff with the right mix, such that each unit or section in that workshop or laboratory can run efficiently; and 3. there should be an adequate number of administrative staff of the appropriate calibre for the office of the Head of Department to run. Student/Staff Ratio The minimum staff-to-student ratio should be 1:15 from 200 level to 500 level. Library There should be: 1. a section for biomedical engineering books, journals and other resource materials in the University library; 2. an electronic library section with some online databases relevant to the biomedical engineering degree programme in the University library; 3. a departmental library with books journals, and other resource materials for biomedical engineering. Classrooms, Laboratories,Workshops, Clinics and Offices The NUC recommends the following physical space requirement: Academic m2 Professor’s Office 18.50 Head of Department’s Office 18.50 Tutorial Teaching Staff Space 13.50 Other Teaching Staff Space 7.00 Technical Staff Space 7.00 Science Staff Research Laboratory 16.50 Engineering Staff Research Laboratory 14.50 Seminar Space per student 1.85 Drawing Office Space (A.O. Board) (Per Student) 4.60 Drawing Office Space (A.I. Board) (Per Student) 3.70 Laboratory Space 7.50 Non-Academic Secretarial Space 7.00 Office Facilities S/No Office No in Room Facilities 1. HOD 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit, Secretary and facilities. 2. Professor 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit, Secretary and facilities. 3. Reader 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit. 4. Senior 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, Lecturer computer unit. 5. Lecturer I 2 Table, chairs, fan, filing cabinet, bookshelves. 6. Lecturer II 3 Table, chairs, fan, filing cabinet, bookshelves 1. At least three (3) adequate and dedicated classrooms; 2. Two (2) lecture theatres; 3. Two (2) laboratories and one (1) biomedical engineering workshop; 4. One (1) affiliated hospital clinic; 5. Four (4) senior lecturers’, three (3) other lecturers’, two (2) technologists’, one (1) technician’s, and one (1) administrative offices are the minimum required.