General Pathology I

At the end of this course, students should be able to: 1. define pathology; 2. enumerate the aetiologic factors of disease; 3. list causes and mechanism of cell injury including free radical injury, cell death and apoptosis; 4. describe the adaptations of cell growth and differentiation, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia and atrophy; 5. explain the processes of cutaneous wound healing and repair; 6. describe cell cycle and define acute inflammation; 7. discuss causes of inflammation, vascular and cellular events in acute inflammation; 8. explain mediators of acute inflammation, vaso-active amines, plasma derived, serous/fibrinous inflammation; 9. explain outcome of inflammation; 10. describe chronic inflammation, granulomatous inflammation; 11. discuss systemic effects of inflammation; and 209 12. state consequences of deficient/excess inflammation.

Introduction, basic definitions, aetiology of disease. Cell injury, cellular adaptation, cell death (necrosis and apoptosis). Free radicals. Ischemic cell injury. Cutaneous wound healing and repair. Inflammation, definition and causes of acute inflammation. Vascular and cellular events in acute inflammation. Mediators of acute inflammation (vaso-active amines, plasma derived). Serous/fibrinous inflammation, chronic inflammation, granulomatous inflammation. Systemic effects of inflammation. Consequences of deficient/excess inflammation. Genetic disorders, classification (chromosomal, single gene and multifactorial). Chromosomal disorders (Down, Turner, Klinefelter, Edwards syndromes). Single gene disorders (classic and non classic). Mutations and multifactorial disorders. Congenital anomalies, types, aetiology. Teratogenesis.