Peace and Conflict Resolution

At the end of this Course, students should be able to: analyse the concepts of peace, conflict and security; list major forms, types and root causes of conflict and violence; differentiate between conflict and terrorism; enumerate security and peace building strategies; and describe the roles of international organisations, media and traditional institutions in peace building.

The concepts of peace, conflict and security in a multi-ethnic nation. Types and theories of conflicts: ethnic, religious, economic, geo-political Conflicts; structural conflict theory, realist theory of conflict, frustration-aggression conflict theory; root causes of conflict and violence in Africa: indigene and settlers phenomenon, boundaries/boarder disputes, political disputes, ethnic disputes and rivalries, economic inequalities, social disputes, nationalist movements and agitations; selected conflict case studies – Tiv-Junkun, ZangoKartaf, chieftaincy and land disputes, etc. Peace building, management of conflicts and security: Peace & Human Development. Approaches to Peace & Conflict Management (religious, government, community leaders, etc.). Elements of peace studies and conflict resolution: Conflict dynamics assessment Scales: Constructive & Destructive. Justice and Legal framework: Concepts of Social Justice; The Nigeria Legal System. Insurgency and terrorism. Peace mediation and peace keeping. Peace and Security Council (international, national and local levels). Agents of conflict resolution – Conventions, Treaties Community Policing: Evolution and Imperatives. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) (dialogue,. arbitration, negotiation, collaboration, etc). The roles of international organizations in conflict resolution ((a) The United Nations, UN and its conflict resolution organs. (b) The African Union & Peace Security Council (c) ECOWAS in peace keeping). The media and traditional institutions in peace building. Managing post- conflict situations/crises: Refugees. Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs);the role of NGOs in post-conflict situations/crises. ENT 312 : Venture Creation (2 Units C: LH 15; PH 45) Learning Outcomes At the end of this course, students, through case study and practical approaches, should be able to: describe the key steps in venture creation; spot opportunities in problems and in high potential sectors, regardless of geographical location; state how original products, ideas and concepts are developed; develop a business concept for further incubation or pitching for funding; identify key sources of entrepreneurial finance; implement the requirements for establishing and managing micro and small enterprises; conduct entrepreneurial marketing and e-commerce; apply a wide variety of emerging technological solutions to entrepreneurship; and appreciate why ventures fail due to lack of planning and poor implementation. Course Contents Opportunity identification (sources of business opportunities in Nigeria, environmental scanning, demand and supply gap/unmet needs/market gaps/market research, unutilised resources, social and climate conditions and technology adoption gap). New business development (business planning, market research). Entrepreneurial finance (venture capital, equity finance, micro-finance, personal savings, small business investment organizations and business plan competition). Entrepreneurial marketing and e-commerce (principles of marketing, customer acquisition & retention, B2B, C2C and B2C models of e-commerce, First Mover Advantage, E-commerce business models and successful e-commerce companies). Small business management/family business: Leadership & Management, basic book keeping, nature of family business and family business growth model. Negotiation and business communication (strategy and tactics of negotiation/bargaining, traditional and modern business communication methods). Opportunity discovery demonstrations (business idea generation presentations, business idea contest, brainstorming sessions, idea pitching). Technological solutions (The concept of market/customer solution, customer solution and emerging technologies, business applications of new technologies - artificial intelligence (AI), virtual/mixed reality (VR), Internet of things (IoTs), blockchain, cloud computing, renewable energy, etc. Digital business and e-commerce strategies).