Exercise and Sports Physiology

On completion of this course, students should be able to: 1. define the thermoregulatory set point and describe the negative feedback control of body core temperature and the role of the hypothalamic set point; 2. compare the normal distribution of cardiac output with the distribution of cardiac output during aerobic (sustained) exercise and anaerobic (brief maximal burst) exercise; 3. describe the redistribution of cardiac output during exercise to the CNS, coronary, splanchnic, cutaneous, and skeletal muscle vascular beds during sustained exercise (distance running).4. explain the relative importance of neural and local control in each vascular bed; 4. define VO2MAX and identify situations in which it is limited by cardiac output, pulmonary gas exchange, and skeletal muscle blood flow and oxygen uptake; 5. discuss the changes in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate caused by an increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity during exercise; 6. describe the health benefits of exercise training on the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, endocrine, immune and nervous systems; 7. discuss how exercise training alters insulin action and glucose entry into cells; 8. Define exercise and classify the different forms of exercise; 9. Distinguish between an isometric and isotonic contraction; and 10. List the energy sources of muscle contraction and rank the sources with respect to their relative speed and capacity to supply ATP for contraction and how they are different in the three muscle types.

Definitions of physical exercise and sport. Energy expenditure during physical exercise. Cardiovascular, respiratory and renal adjustments during physical exercise. Thermoregulatory system in exercise. Water and electrolytes balance in exercise. The integrated neural and hormonal control during physical exercise. The health benefits of physical exercise and the role of exercise in the management of various health conditions. PIO 499: Research Project (5 units C: PH 225) Learning Outcomes On completion of this course, students should be able to: 1. prepare the final write-up of the research project using the appropriate format within the stipulated time frame; and 2. present and defend the write-up of the research project. Course Contents Independent research findings into selected areas/topics of interest to be supervised by an academic staff. Students will be required to carry out literature survey on the topics, perform experiments and produce reports (preferably at the end of second semester). Students will be subjected to both seminar and oral examination on the projects undertaken.