Ophthalmic Optics I

At the end of OPT 305 (Ophthalmic Optics I) course, the students should be able to: 1. differentiate the different types of ophthalmic lens materials and know when to use plastic or glass lenses; 2. identify different types of spherical, aspheric, and toric lenses; 3. record sphero-cylindrical (astigmatic) lenses; 4. perform transposition of cylindrical and sphero-cylindrical lenses from plus to minus or minus to plus cylinder form; 5. perform hand neutralisation of spherical and sphero-cylindrical lenses; 6. verify the power of any spectacle lens using the lensmeter / focimeter; 7. explain how to resolve, compound prism; 8. perform relevant calculation of lens curvatures and thickness using lens measures; 9. discuss the principle of prism (how to induce prismatic effect in a spectacle lens (decentration) and 10. recognise the importance of centration and decentration to avoid prismatic effects.

The history and development of ophthalmic lenses, lens materials and frames. Manufacture of spectacle materials; ophthalmic glass; plastic lenses and frames. Forms of spectacle lenses: spherical, cylindrical; toric or sphero-cylindrical lenses. Single vision lens designs; base curve, surface powers, front vertex power, back vertex power, effective power. Lens neutralization; spherical power; cylindrical power and toric lenses. Transposition. Lensometry. Parts of frames; frame measurements and designs; IPD measurement; Lens and frame specifications; Toric surfaces; centration and decentration; ophthalmic prisms and prismatic effects. Special lenses.