Mobile Communication Systems

At the end ot this course, the students should be able to: 1. state the evolution of mobile networks; 2. explain the basic cellular system and its characteristics and parameters; 3. state international standards and regulations; 4. discuss the frequency management mechanisms; and 5. discuss field strength prediction models and their attributes.

Evolution of mobile radio communications: 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G. Examples of mobile radio systems: radio paging, cordless telephones, cellular radio. Trends in cellular radio and personal communication systems. A basic cellular system, frequency reuse, roaming, hand-off strategies, co-channel interference, traffic and grade of service, system capacity, improving capacity of cellular system. Doppler effect. Co-channel interference and reduction; adjacent channel interference; near-far problem. Standards and overview of analogue and digital cellular systems; frequency management and channel assignment, speech coding, channel coding, bandwidth consideration, equalisation, modulation techniques, multiple access techniques. GSM: architecture, elements, and standard interfaces; FDMA/TDMA structure; speech and channel coding; time slots and bursts; signaling; hand-offs; DCS 1800; GPRS; data services over gsm. Field strength prediction models, propagation path loss, multipath propagation problem, Rayleigh fading, Rician distribution. Other applications of wireless communications, especially in the financial sector. Minimum Academic Standards Equipment Computer Laboratory (Hardware and Software) 1. Control and instrumentation laboratory 2. Electronics and telecommunication laboratory 3. Signal processing laboratory 4. Data communication and internetworking laboratory 5. Communication systems aboratory 6. RF microwave laboratory 7. Antenna laboratory. Intermediate Network Laboratory S/n Description of Equipment 1 D3000 Virtual Instrument Platform (VIP2) 2 D3000 9.0 Experimental Master PCB 3 D3000 21.1 AM Communications PCB 4 D3000 21.2 Superhet Receiver PCB 5 D3000 21.4 Digital Communications PCB 6 D3000 21.5 PAM PCB 7 D3000 21.8 PCM PCB Transmission Laboratory S/ Description of Equipment N 1 Ctl Modicom 1 "Signal sampling and reconstruction module" 2 02 Modicom 2 "Time division multiplexer PAM Module" 3 CT3/1 and CT3/2 Modicom 3 "pulse code modulation Transmitter/Receiver 4 system" CT4 Modicom 4 " Delta modulation Module" 5 CT5/1 and CT5/2 Modicom 5 " Data conditioning and carrier modulation system" 6 CT7 Audio Input Module 7 CT8 Audio Output Module 8 CT20 Anacom 1/1 and V2 "Introductory Analogue Communication Module" 9 CT21 Anacom 2"Introductory Analogue Communication Module" 10 CT30 Transmission Line Trainer 11 Digital Communication System Trainer 12 Analog Communication System Trainer 13 PS20 Power Supply 14 FG2 Function Generators 15 OSC1 Oscilloscopes Fiber Optic Laboratory S/N Description of Equipment 1 06 Modicom 6 "Fiber-Optic Transmitter/Receiver system" 2 NTC-1 03.000 "Fiber-Optic Communication" Training stand 3 Pulse Semi-conductor Laser 4 Photodiode Current Meter 5 Continuous Semiconductor Laser 6 Current Generator 7 Fast Photo detector 8 Stand to study photo detector operation 9 Optical Fiber Coupler Microwave Laboratory S/N Description of Equipment 1 CT60 Microwave Communications Trainer: Receiver Transmitter Probe 2 Spectrum Analyzer " 9kHz -3GHz 3 Indoor TV Antenna 4 NTC-1 04 " Radio Engineering & Telecommunication with MPMS" 5 Microwave Trainer MST 532 6 Microstrip Trainer MNT 530 7 18GHz Spectrum Analyzer 8 18GHz Network Analyzer Networking Laboratory S/N Description of Equipment Nn 1 NTC-1 42.000 "Global, Local, Wired & Wireless Networks" Training stand 2 D-Link Switch 3 Cisco 1 900 Router 4 D-Link Router Basic Electronic Equipment 1. Frequency meter 2. Digital energy meter 3. Digital wattmeter, single phase 4. Digital wattmeter, 3-phase 5. Semiconductor curve tracer 6. Digital transistor tester 7. Decade resistance box 8. Decade capacitance box 9. Decade inductance box 10. Digital multifunction documenting calibrators 11. Digital function generator (different frequency ranges) 12. Electrical tools box 13. Digital stroboscope 14. Digital DC A ammeters multi-range 15. Digital AC voltmeters multi range 16. Digital DC volt meters multi range 17. Digital DC volt meters multi range 18. Digital damp meter 19. Standard digital earth loop/PSC/tester 20. Photo/contact tachometer 21. LCD Display 3-phase rotation tester 22. Rheostat (different ranges) 23. Wheatstone bridge 24. Portable DC potentiometer 25. Analog dual oscilloscopes (different frequency ranges) 26. Signal trace/lnjector 27. Digital RF signal generators 28. Klystron microwave trainer complete set 29. Antenna laboratory trainer complete set 30. PCB Fabrication equipment complete set 31. Standard analog multimeters 32. AVO meters 33. Digital logic analyzer 34. Smart logic design experimental Kit 35. Digital logic circuit design experiment kit microcomputer trainer 36. GSM/GPS experimental trainer 37. Programmable logic controller system trainer 38. Digital 3 phase power analyzer with SD card real time data recorder 39. Digital storage color display 2/4-channel oscilloscope 40. Digital spectrum analyzer (9kHz -3GHz) 41. Instrumentation trainer using transducers complete set 42. Solar power system training kit 43. Electrical and electronic system trainer 44. Power electronic training system 45. Programmable dual output DC power upply units (different ranges) 46. Variable transformer 47. Portable wind power generator training kit universal EPROM programmable (48 Pins) 48. B ench digital multi-meter digit (various digit ranges) Staffing Academic Staff The NUC guidelines on staff/student ratio of 1:15 for Engineering and Technology departments shall apply. However, there should be a minimum of six full-time equivalent of Staff in the department. There is need to have a reasonable number of Staff with doctoral degrees as well as sufficient industrial experience. With a minimum load of 15 Units per semester for students and a minimum of six full-time equivalent of staff in each programme, staff should have a maximum of 15 contact hours per week for lectures, tutorials, practicals and supervision of projects. NUC requirement encourages all academic staff to have PhD degrees, hence appointment of academic staff is preferably to the Lecturer cadre. Only in exceptional cases are candidates with great promise appointed to Graduate Assistant and Assistant Lecturer positions for the purpose of being developed to the Lecturer cadre as registered PhD candidates. Academic Support Personnel Teaching Assistant/Demonstrators to help lecturers in the conduct of tutorials, practicals and field work. This category of personnel is not expected to be regular staff as they are to be paid on the basis of approved hourly rate. Administrative Support Staff The services of the administrative support staff are indispensable in the proper administration of the departments and faculty offices. It is important to recruit very competent senior staff that are computer literate. Technical Support Personnel The services of technical support staff, which are indispensable in the proper running of laboratories and workshop/studios are required. It is important to recruit very competent senior technical staff to maintain teaching and research equipment. They are also to undergo regular training to keep them abreast of developments in equipment operation and maintenance. The minimum of academic staff to technical staff ratio of 5:1 should be maintained. Minimum Number of Staff Subject to the general standards specified by NUC; 1. there should be a minimum of two Ph.Ds and four M.Eng degree holders full-time academic staff to mount the programme; 2. each workshop or laboratory should have an adequate number of staff with the right mix, such that each unit or section in that workshop or laboratory can run efficiently; and 3. there should be an adequate number of administrative staff of the appropriate calibre for the office of the Head of Department to run. Student/Staff Ratio The minimum staff-to-student ratio should be 1:15 from 200 level to 500 level Library Library and Information Resources There must be adequate library facilities to cater for the interest of all the programmes in the faculty. These include current journals, handbooks, textbooks, manuals, codes of practice, standards and specifications etc. in sufficient numbers Library Facilities The following facilities should be provided to enable users make maximum use of library services: a. Reading rooms b. 24-hour reading rooms c. Visually impaired resource centre d. Radio frequency identification (RFID) security gate for theft detection e. RFID tags for book tagging f. Notebook computers for loan service g. Over two hundred computers distributed at the various service points for database search at the university library and faculty libraries h. Workstations at the faculty libraries for database search i. Projectors and creens for presentations j. Photocopying machines k. Scanners l. Visually impaired resource centre m. Information display screen n. E-library (postgraduate and undergraduate sections) Classroom, Laboratories, Workshops, Clinics and Offices The NUC recommends the following physical space requirement: Academic m2 Professor’s Office 18.50 Head of Department’s Office 18.50 Tutorial Teaching Staff Space 13.50 Other Teaching Staff Space 7.00 Technical Staff Space 7.00 Science Staff Research Laboratory 16.50 Engineering Staff Research Laboratory 14.50 Seminar Space per student 1.85 Drawing Office Space (A.O. Board) (Per Student) 4.60 Drawing Office Space (A.I. Board) (Per Student) 3.70 Laboratory Space 7.50 Non-Academic Secretarial Space 7.00 Office Facilities S/No Office No in Room Facilities 1. HOD 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit, Secretary and facilities. 2. Professor 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit, Secretary and facilities. 3. Reader 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit. 4. Senior 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, Lecturer computer unit. 5. Lecturer I 2 Table, chairs, fan, filing cabinet, bookshelves. 6. Lecturer II 3 Table, chairs, fan, filing cabinet, bookshelves