Physiological Optics II

At the end of OPT 316 (Physiological Optics II) course, students should be able to: 1. describe the basic electrical activities associated with the extraocular muscles and their nerve supply; 2. identify the contribution(s) of the various extraocular muscles to the optics of the eye with respect to their origins, insertions, and actions; 3. explain the physiology behind the optical changes that occurs during accommodation; 4. explain the role of vergence movements in the optics of the eye and the different components of vergence; 5. explain the relationship between accommodation and convergence in the form of the AC/A ratio; 6. explain the role of versional movements in the optics of the eye and the different forms of version movement; 7. describe retinal disparity and the effects it has on the optics of the eye; 8. describe fusion and the effects it has on the optics of the eye; 9. describe the different forms of fixation pattern and their effects on the optics of the eye; 10. explain all that is involved in binocular coordination; and 11. describe the Horopter, Panum’s Fusional Area, Phoria, and Tropia.

The extra-ocular muscles, their electrophysiology, actions, and innervation. Accommodation, convergence, the AC/A ratio and binocular co-ordination. Fusion, fusional vergence, retinal disparities and the horopter. Laboratory work is included.