Drainage and Irrigation Engineering

At the end of this course, the students should be able to: explain the irrigation requirements for crops/-plants for effective delivery; discuss soil-water relationship in respect of irrigation; elucidate the principles of design, construction, operation and maintenance of different irrigation systems; and explicate the sources and quality of water appropriate for effective irrigation.

Land classification: crop water requirements; Crop: irrigation requirements; farm delivery requirements; diversion requirements; soil-water relationships; movement of soil moisture; measurement of infiltration and soil Moisture. Irrigation water quality. Irrigation planning criteria. Irrigation methods; supplemental irrigation, irrigation structures. Design, construction, operation and maintenance of surface, sub-surface and sprinkler irrigation systems. Surveys and investigation – sources of water, soils and salinity. Water tables; drainage structures. Subsurface drains. Design criteria – Drain size, materials used; installation of subsurface drains; urban storm drainage. Land drainage. Minimum Academic Standards Equipment Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Air flow equipment Subsonic wind tunnel Flow visualization table Metacentric height apparatus Orifice and free flow apparatus Reynolds number apparatus Centre of pressure apparatus Impact of jet apparatus Flow measurement apparatus Venture meter Pressure gauge apparatus Vortex apparatus Floating body apparatus Manometer Hydraulic Laboratory Reciprocating pump test rig centrifugal pump test rig Kaplan, francis and pelton wheel turbine 381 mm tilting flume 102mm tilting flume 305mm tilting flume 76mm tilting flume 203mm tilting flume Hydraulic bench Surge tank apparatus 610 mm sand bed table Turbine/pump test rig Orifice plate apparatus V-notch apparatus Pipe energy loss apparatus Function loss in pipes apparatus Flow channel Volumetric hydraulic bench Hydrology Laboratory and Display Room Sunshine recorder Recording rain gauge Gouge height recorder Current meter Engineering seismograph Mini flow meter Wave height generator & recorder Stream flow mini current meter Ester line graph recorder Wind vane/anemometer Thermometers Barometer Water level recorder Rain gauge (non-recording type) Soil Analysis Laboratory Resistivity meter Soil moisture and density meter Simulation Room At least 10 desktop computers Special Infrastructural Requirements Drilling rig complete with accessories and compressor; Model dam and reservoir; Meteorological station; Hydrology apparatus with permeability measurement ; and Large laboratory spaces for flumes and scaled models. Staffing Academic Staff The NUC guidelines on staff/student ratio of 1:15 for Engineering and Technology departments shall apply. However, there should be a minimum of six full-time equivalent of Staff in the department. There is need to have a reasonable number of Staff with doctoral degrees as well as sufficient industrial experience. With a minimum load of 15 Units per semester for students and a minimum of six full-time equivalent of staff in each programme, staff should have a maximum of 15 contact hours per week for lectures, tutorials, practicals and supervision of projects. NUC requirement encourages all academic staff to have PhD degrees, hence appointment of academic staff is preferably to the Lecturer cadre. Only in exceptional cases are candidates with great promise appointed to Graduate Assistant and Assistant Lecturer positions for the purpose of being developed to the Lecturer cadre as registered PhD candidates. Academic Support Personnel Teaching Assistant/Demonstrators to help lecturers in the conduct of tutorials, practicals and field work. This category of personnel is not expected to be regular staff as they are to be paid on the basis of approved hourly rate. Administrative Support Staff The services of the administrative support staff are indispensable in the proper administration of the departments and faculty offices. It is important to recruit very competent senior staff that are computer literate. Technical Support Personnel The services of technical support staff, which are indispensable in the proper running of laboratories and workshop/studios are required. It is important to recruit very competent senior technical staff to maintain teaching and research equipment. They are also to undergo regular training to keep them abreast of developments in equipment operation and maintenance. The minimum of academic staff to technical staff ratio of 5:1 should be maintained. Minimum Number of Staff Subject to the general standards specified by NUC; there should be a minimum of two PhDs and four M.Eng degree holders full-time academic staff to mount the programme; each workshop or laboratory should have an adequate number of staff with the right mix, such that each unit or section in that workshop or laboratory can run efficiently; and there should be an adequate number of administrative staff of the appropriate calibre for the office of the Head of Department to run. Library In addition to the university and faculty libraries, the programme must have a departmental library well-equipped with specialised books and journals in both physical collections and E- collections (E-Resources) of various types. Various field and research reports of the programme must also be available in the library for staff, students and researchers. The library must be connected to subscribed repository of: national and international institutions open access sources professional bodies’ e-learning platforms relevant international organizations The library must also have adequate facilities for reading, lending and to include reservation unit for specialized materials Classrooms, Laboratories, Workshops, Clinics and Offices Sizes of Office Spaces The NUC recommends the following physical space requirement: Academic m2 Professor’s Office 18.50 Head of Department’s Office 18.50 Tutorial Teaching Staff Space 13.50 Other Teaching Staff Space 7.00 Technical Staff Space 7.00 Science Staff Research Laboratory 16.50 Engineering Staff Research Laboratory 14.50 Seminar Space per student 1.85 Drawing Office Space (A.O. Board) (Per Student) 4.60 Drawing Office Space (A.I. Board) (Per Student) 3.70 Laboratory Space 7.50 Non-Academic Secretarial Space 7.00 Office Facilities S/No Office No in Room Facilities 1. HOD 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit, Secretary and facilities. 2. Professor 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit, Secretary and facilities. 3. Reader 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, computer unit. 4. Senior 1 Table, chairs, A/C, filing cabinet, bookshelves, Lecturer computer unit. 5. Lecturer I 2 Table, chairs, fan, filing cabinet, bookshelves. 6. Lecturer II 3 Table, chairs, fan, filing cabinet, bookshelves