Oral Physiology

At the end of this course, students should be able to: 1. discuss the causes and composition of pellicle, plaque, and calculus; 2. demonstrate knowledge and understanding of tooth formation and tooth emergence; 3. explain the various disruptions that may occur during tooth formation and emergence; 4. highlight age changes in pulp, enamel, and dentine; 5. describe the composition, characteristics, and functions of saliva; and 6. explain the principles behind mastication and deglutition.

The organic and inorganic composition of enamel, dentine, cementum, bone and their comparison. factors which affect calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Tooth formation amelogenesis and odontogenesis, including the enamel organ and tooth germ, eruption and shedding of teeth. Age changes in the tooth including the pulp. Saliva composition. characteristics and functions. Tooth deposits including material alba. Dental plaque and dental calculus. The formation. classification and comparison of plaque and calculus. Dental stains – intrinsic and extrinsic exogenous and endogenous stains. The tongue and taste sensation including distribution of the four basic taste. Mastication and deglutition and the roles played by the teeth, lips, cheeks and the palate in chewing and swallowing. Voluntary and involuntary phases. Halitosis (oral malodour) causes and prevention.