Anaesthesia Lectures

At the end of this course, students should be able to: 1. describe basic anatomy of the airway and peripheral nervous system, common diseases and emergencies including trauma; 2. explain basic physiology of respiration, cardiovascular, nervous, including autonomic and neuromuscular systems; 3. discuss basic biochemistry of electrolytes, acid-base disorders, ionisation of drugs and nutrition; 4. enumerate principles of the use of premedicants; 5. explain physiological changes in pregnancy as they relate to anaesthesia; 6. describe regional anaesthesia and analgesia in obstetrics, subarachnoid block and epidural; 7. explain technique of general anaesthesia in patients with full-stomach, Pregnant woman; 8. enumerate in details various modalities of providing analgesia in labour; 9. define the role of the anaesthetist in resuscitation; 10. discuss perioperative management, pain management; 11. differentiate palliative care and intensive care; 12. explain detailed preanesthetic evaluation, preparation and premedication; 13. describe preanesthetic preparation, monitoring, induction using IV or inhalational agents; 14. discuss muscle relaxants, maintenance and termination of anaesthesia; 15. enumerate local anaesthetics, subarachnoid block, indications, contraindications, technique; 16. list complications and management, epidural analgesia/anaesthesia, indications, contraindications, technique, complications and management; 17. define intravenous regional anaesthesia; 18. list complications of anaesthesia and management; 19. describe post anaesthesia care unit, its complications and management; 20. explain perioperative blood loss and replacement; 21. provide basic life support, (BLS); 22. recognise the high-risk patient; 142 23. explain international standards of BLS, anaesthesia, pain, palliative and critical care; and 24. assess, manage acute and chronic pain conditions in all age groups.

Applied basic anatomy of the airway and peripheral nervous system, common diseases and emergencies including trauma. Applied basic physiology of respiration, cardiovascular, nervous (including autonomic) and neuromuscular systems. Applied basic biochemistry of electrolytes, acid-base disorders, ionisation of drugs and nutrition. Applied pharmacology of drugs used in anaesthesia. Applied principles of the use of premedicants (anxiolytics, opioids/antagonist, other analgesics, anticholinergics), anaesthetics (inhalational/ parenteral), muscle relaxants, anticholinesterases, local anaesthetics, adjuvant anaesthetics, ionotropes and antiarrhythmic drugs. Revision of physiological changes in pregnancy as they relate to anaesthesia. Regional anaesthesia and analgesia in obstetrics (subarachnoid block and epidural). Technique of General Anaesthesia in patients with full-stomach (pregnant woman). Detailed teaching of various modalities of providing analgesia in labour. Introduction to anaesthesia including history, types and role of the anaesthetist in resuscitation, perioperative management, pain management, palliative care and intensive care. Detailed preanesthetic evaluation, preparation and premedication. Detailed teaching of airway assessment, various causes of airway obstruction, consequences of airway obstruction and management. Non-invasive means of maintaining airway (head tilt, jaw thrust, chin lift). Use of airway devices (oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, laryngeal mask airway, endotracheal and emergency cricothyrotomy). Detailed teaching on hypoxia, its causes, consequences and management. Oxygen delivery devices. Introduction to artificial ventilation, its types, indications, modes, initiating and weaning off ventilator and complications of mechanical ventilation. Detailed preanesthetic preparation, monitoring, induction using IV or inhalational agents, muscle relaxants, maintenance and termination of anaesthesia. Principles and uses of Anaesthetic equipment, machine and breathing systems. Detailed teaching of the concept of Balanced anaesthesia. Anaesthesia outside theatre environment (ECT, angiography, endoscopy) and in difficult conditions. Anaesthesia in various disease conditions. Hypertension, DM, sickle cell disease, shock, renal failure. Day-case anaesthesia. Selection criteria. Technique, discharge criteria, complications and unplanned admission. Review of Local anaesthetics. Subarachnoid block, indications, contraindications, technique, complications and management. Epidural analgesia/anaesthesia, indications, contraindications, technique, complications and management. Common nerve blocks. Brachial plexus, indications, contraindications, techniques (interscalene, supraclavicular, infraclavicular, axillary), complications and management. Femoral, Three-in-one, ankle block; indications, contraindications, techniques, complications and management. Intravenous regional anaesthesia (Bier’s block), indications, contraindications, technique and complications. Complications of anaesthesia and management. Post anaesthesia care unit, its complications and management. Perioperative fluid management. Perioperative blood loss and replacement. Indications and complications. Emergency anaesthesia, peculiarities and management. Basic blood gas analysis and interpretation. Theoretical teaching of BLS. Identification of cardiopulmonary arrest and demonstration of the skills of BLS. Introduction to ICU. Theoretical teaching of BLS. Identification of cardiopulmonary arrest and demonstration of the skills of BLS. Introduction to ICU. Introduction to Palliative care. Pain assessment methods. Causes of acute and chronic pain and the modalities of treatment.