General Biochemistry II, Metabolism and Bioenergetics

At the end of this course, the students should be able to: 1. describe the structure of the cell including its components; 2. discuss the interrelationship between different organelles of the cell; 3. recognise the differences between plant and animal cells; 4. isolate the various organelles of both plant and animal cells; and 5. describe the influence of hydrogen ion concentration on cellular function.

The cell theory. Structures and functions of major cell components. Cell types, constancy and diversity. Cell organelles of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Chemical composition of cells. Centrifugation; Methods of cell fractionation. Structure, function and fractionation of extra- cellular organelles. Water, total body water and its distribution. Regulation of water and electrolyte balance. Disorder of water and electrolyte balance. Acidity and alkalinity, pH and pK values and their effects on cellular activities.