Neuro-Ophthalmology

At the end of this course, students should be able to: 1. test pupillary reactions with penlight and recognize relative afferent pupillary defect; 2. demonstrate confrontational visual field test in 4 quadrants for each eye; 3. describe visual field defect, scotoma, hemianopia; 4. perform ductions and versions test; 5. demonstrate knowledge of basic anatomy of anterior chamber angle; 6. describe aqueous humour production and circulation; 7. define glaucoma, its types, epidemiology, risk factors, treatment; 8. enumerate normal value range of intraocular pressure and diurnal variation, types of tonometry; 9. discuss relative afferent pupillary defect; 10. demonstrate anterior chamber depth estimation with pen torch; 11. describe visual field assessment by confrontation; and 12. recognise optic disc signs of glaucomatous optic neuropathy.

Basic anatomy of afferent visual pathway, ocular motor pathway, ocular autonomic pathway, pupillary pathway, optic nerve diseases papilledema, optic atrophy, papillitis, acute onset cranial nerves palsy, 3rd, 4th, 6th. Test pupillary reactions with penlight and recognise relative afferent pupillary defect. Confrontation visual field test. Visual field defects, scotoma, hemianopia, homonymous hemianopia, bitemporal hemianopia, optic disc examination with ophthalmoscope. Ductions and Versions test. Anatomy of anterior chamber angle, aqueous humour production and circulation, outflow pathways, trabecular meshwork in anterior chamber angle. Glaucoma, definition, types, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features and management. Intraocular pressure, normal value range, types of tonometry. Direct ophthalmoscopy of signs of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Visual field changes. Acute angle closure glaucoma. 140